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Sports Studies > skeleton > Flashcards

skeleton Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 6 functions of the skeleton?

A

movement
protection
support
shape
blood cell production
mineral storage

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2
Q

jaw (bone)

A

mandible

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3
Q

What are the types of bones?

A

flat bone
irregular bone
long bone
short bone

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4
Q

Skull (bone)?

A

cranium

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5
Q

collar bone

A

clavicle

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6
Q

shoulder (bone)

A

scapula

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7
Q

breast bone

A

sternum

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8
Q

rib cage

A

ribs

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9
Q

spine

A

vertebral column (vertebrae)

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10
Q

The 2 in your lower arm (bone)

A

radius and ulna

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11
Q

hip (bone)

A

pelvis

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11
Q

Top of your arm (bone)

A

humerus

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12
Q

thigh bone

A

femur

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13
Q

2 bones on calf

A

tibia and fibula

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13
Q

knee bone

A

patella

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14
Q

wrist bone

A

carpal

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15
Q

hand bone

A

metacarpals

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16
Q

finger and toes bone

A

phalanges

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17
Q

ankle bone

A

talus

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18
Q

foot bones x2

A

tarsal and metatarsal

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19
Q

How does the skeleton move?

A

joints.

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20
Q

What are bone to bone?

A

ligaments

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21
Q

What are the types of movement? (6)

A

adduction
abduction
flexion
extension
circumduction
rotation

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21
Q

what are muscle to bone?

A

tendons

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22
Q

Why is support good (skeleton)?

A

It helps you do certain things
without support you wouldn’t be able to hold your weight to be able to do a handstand in gymnastics

23
Q

What is an example of a bone protecting a vital organ?

A

In a rugby scrum your cranium protects your brain from being damaged.

23
Q

What does shape determine?

A

height and build

24
Q

if you have long light bones you are usually… (shape)

A

tall and thin

25
Q

If you have short thick bones you are usually… (shape)

A

shorter and broad

25
Q

Example of shape affecting a sport?

A

In weightlifting people with strong heavy bons are usually better at lifting compared to people with light bones as they don’t have the weight behind them to lift up the weight.

26
Q

what do red blood cells do?

A

carry oxygen to working muscles

26
Q

Where are blood cells and platelets made?

A

bones

26
Q

Where are most minerals stored?
give an example

A

bones
calcium and phosphorus

26
Q

What are the 4 main functions of the spine?

A

.protect spinal chords
.support weight of the head, ribs and upper limbs
.transfer upper body weight to lower limbs through pelvis
.allows muscle attachment which lets the spine and limbs move

26
Q

What do white blood cells do?

A

protect body from bacteria and infection

27
Q

What do platelets do?

A

cause scabs to block a cut

28
Q

What are the 5 main parts of the spine?

A

.cervical curved
.thoracic curve
.lumbar curve
.sacrum
.coccyx

29
Q

What in between each vertebrae to allow for movement and prevent the bones grinding?

A

Cartilage

29
Q

How many vertebrae’s in the vertebral column

A

33

30
Q

What is a joint?

A

a place where 2 or more bones meet

31
Q

What are the 3 types of joints?

A

hinge joint
ball and socket joint
synovial joint

31
Q

What is a synovial joint?

A

freely movable joints

32
Q

Example of ball and socket joints?
what bones are they

A

shoulder
(humerus and scapula)
hip
(pelvis and femur)

33
Q

Example of a hinge joint?
What bones do they include

A

knee
(femur, tibia)
elbow
(radius, ulna, humerus)
ankle
(talus, tibia, tarsals)

33
Q

What is adduction?

A

move limb towards your body
after a star jump
after breaststroke

33
Q

What are the types of movement at a ball and socket joint?

A

.extension
.flexion
.abduction
.adduction
.hyperextension
.circumduction
.rotation

34
Q

What are the types of movement at a hinge joint?

A

flexion
extension

35
Q

What is rotation?

A

turning s limb
backstroke (arms)
ballet

36
Q

What is circumduction?

A

where you limb moves in a circular shape
.butterfly
cricket
serve in tennis

37
Q

What is extension?

A

opening a joint
.boxing
.netball

37
Q

What is flexion?

A

closing a joint
.before shooting a hoop
.football

38
Q

What is abduction?

A

moving the limb away from your body
.goalkeeper
.cartwheel

39
Q

What is a joint capsule?

A

outer sleeve that protects and holds the knee together

40
Q

What is the synovial membrane?

A

secretes synovial fluid

41
Q

What is synovial fluid?

A

a liquid which lubricates the joint so it can move freely

42
Q

What is a bursa (plural bursae)?

A

small fluid filled pouch lined, provides a cushion between bones

43
Q

What is cartilage?

A

a soft, spongy connective tissue
.stops bones rubbing together
.shock absoption

44
Q

What are ligaments?

A

Attaches bone to bone to keep the joint stable

45
Q

What are tendons?

A

very strong, inelastic connective tissues that allow a muscle to pull on a bone to move it

46
Q

What is it when you point your toes?

A

plantarflexion

47
Q

What is it when you put your toes towards your shin?

A

dorsiflexion

Sports Studies (10 decks)

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