SKELETAL SYSTEM UNIT 6 Flashcards
Parts of the skeletal system:
Bones, Joints, Cartilages, Ligaments
Ligaments connect..
Bone to bone
Tendons connect….
Muscle to bone
Functions of the bone:
- Support the body
- Protection of soft organs
- Movement due to attached skeletal muscles.
- Storage of minerals
- Blood cell formation
2 minerals bone store…
Calcium & Phosphorus
What is compact bone?
- Forms the outer layer of bone and makes up the shaft of long bones.
- 75-80% of the skeleton
- Dense bone/heavy
What is spongy or cancellous bone?
- Has many open spaces
- Found at the end of long bones and the middle of other bone types.
- Small needle-like pieces of bone called trabeculae.
How is trabeculae form?
Formed due to stresses and gives bone strength.
How many bones does the human body have?
206 bones
2 divisions of the skeleton are:
Axial & Appendicular Skeleton
Axial Skeleton:
- Found in the head and torso
- Skull, spine, ribcage
Total bones in the axial skeleton?
80 Bones
Appendicular Skeleton:
- Found in the appendages/limbs
- Arms, legs, pelvis, and shoulders
Total bones in appendicular skeleton?
126 Bones
Different types of bone shape:
Long, Short, Irregular, Flat, & Sesamoid Bones
Long Bones:
- Longer than wide
- Have a shaft with heads at both ends
- Contain mostly compact bone
Examples of long bones?
Femur & Humerus
Short Bones:
- Generally cube-shaped
- Contain mostly spongy bone
Examples of short bones?
Carpals & Tarsals
Flat Bones:
- Thin and flattened
- Usually curved
- Thin layers of compact bone around a layer of spongy bone
Examples of flat bones?
Skull, ribs, & sternum