INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM UNIT 5

Question 1

What is the integument?

Answer 1

Tough layer/Covering

Question 2

The skin is the largest organ of the body
TRUE or FALSE

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is the integument divided into?

Answer 3

The cutaneous membrane & appendages

Question 4

The Cutaneous Membrane has:

Answer 4

Epidermis, Dermis & Hypodermis

Question 5

The appendages has:

Answer 5

Hair, Nails, Glands, Blood vessels & nerves

Question 6

Functions are:

Answer 6

Protection, Thermoregulation, Synthesis of vitamin D, Excretion & Sensation

Question 7

Mechanical Barrier is?

Answer 7

Contains keratin, fat cells & nerve receptors.

Question 8

Chemical barrier is?

Answer 8

Keratinized cells & nerve endings

Question 9

Prevents Dehydration:

Answer 9

Skin is water resistant

Question 10

When do dermal blood vessels DILATE?

Answer 10

When body is heating up to release heat.

Question 11

When do dermal blood vessels CONSTRICT?

Answer 11

When cold to conserve body heat.

Question 12

Epidermis:

Answer 12

Superficial layer & Composed of epithelial tissue

Question 13

Dermis:

Answer 13

Middle layer & Composed of Connective Tissue

Question 14

Hypodermis:

Answer 14

Deep layer & Composed of adipose tissue

Question 15

The epidermis has:

Answer 15

• Has 5 layers
• Avascular layer
• Has keratinocytes

Question 16

What is keratin?

Answer 16

Protein that makes the skin tough and waterproofed.

Question 17

What is thin skin?

Answer 17

Covers most of the body

Question 18

What is think skin?

Answer 18

Covers the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.

Question 19

5 layers of epidermis from deepest to superficial

Answer 19

• Stratum Basal
• Stratum Spinosum
• Stratum Granulosum
• Stratum Lucidum
• Stratum Corneum

Question 20

Stratum Basale/Germinativum

Answer 20

• Deepest layer
• Cells constantly dividing
• Where fingerprints form
• Obtains the most nutrients
• 1 layer of cells

Question 21

Stratum Spinosum

Answer 21

• Also called to spiny layer
• 8 to 10 layers of keratinocytes
• Contain epidermal dendritic cells

Question 22

Stratum Granulosum

Answer 22

• 3 to 4 layer of cells
• When flatten, become grainy
• Producing lots of keratin (becoming keratinocytes).

Question 23

Stratum Corneum

Answer 23

• Superficial surface of skin
• 20 to 30 layers of keratinized cells
• Cells are dead

Question 23

Stratum Lucidum

Answer 23

• The clear layer
• Only found in thick skin

Question 24

Keratinocytes?

Answer 24

Most abundant cell, produce keratin

Question 25

Dentritic Cells (Langerhand)?

Answer 25

Activate the immune system

Question 26

Melanocytes?

Answer 26

Form the pigment melanin (your tan)

Question 27

Merkel cells?

Answer 27

Associated with nerve endings touch receptors.

Question 28

Dermis has 2 layers:

Answer 28

Papillary & Reticular Layer

Question 29

Papillary Layer:

Answer 29

• Superficial layer
• Composed of areolar tissue
• Contains small capillaries, lymphatic vessels and sensory neurons.
• Contains peglike projections called dermal papillae to form prints

Question 30

Reticular Layer:

Answer 30

• Consists of dense irregular connective tissue
• Contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, sweat, oily glands, nerves fibers, hair follicles & macrophages

Question 31

Hair Follicle:

Answer 31

A compound structure that forms the hair

Question 32

Hair root:

Answer 32

With the follicle

Question 33

Hair shaft:

Answer 33

Outside of follicle (what you can see)

Question 34

Arrector pill:

Answer 34

Smooth muscle attached to follicle
(When contracted it rises the hair, goosebumps)

Question 35

Hair Bulb:

Answer 35

Base of the hair follicle that undergoes cell division to produce the hair.

Question 36

Sebaceous gland it’s an:

Answer 36

• Oil gland
• It’s an exocrine gland
• Secretes sebum (oil)