CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Flashcards
What is the function?
Receives, processes information & initiates action
What is the function of the brain?
Receives, processes sensory information, initiates responses, stores memories, generates thoughts & feelings.
What is the function of the spinal cord?
Conducts signals to and from the brain, & controls reflex activities.
What are the 4 major regions of the brain?
Cerebrum, Diencephalon, Brainstem, & Cerebellum
What is divided into right & left hemispheres and is the superior part of the brain?
The Cerebrum
Name of the elevated regions of the cerebrum?
Gyri
The grooves found on the surface of the cerebrum and cerebellum
Sulci
What divides the cerebrum into 2 halves?
The longitudinal fissure
What is the cortex?
Superficial layer of grey matter
Deeper tissue of the cerebrum composed of fiber tracts
White matter
The structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres allowing them to communicate
Corpus Callosum
What are the 4 lobes of the cerebrum?
Frontal, parietal, temporal & occipital
The frontal lobe is responsible for
Higher cognitive functions
Function of Broca’s area
Speech & movements of the mouth
Function of parietal lobe is….
Taste
Function of temporal lobe is….
Hearing
Function of occipital lobe is….
Vision
What’s the area that helps you understand spoken language?
Wernicke’s Area
Major part of the brain that releases hormones & regulates sleep cycle?
The diencephalon
Function of the thalamus?
Relay sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex
Function of the hypothalumus?
Regulates body temperature
Function of epithalumus?
Forms roof of third ventricle
What forms the cerebrospinal fluid?
Choroid Plexus
Function of the brainstem is..
Regulate cardiac & respiratory function, consciousness, & sleep cycle
What does the brainstem include?
Midbrain, Pons, Medulla Oblongata
Regulates autonomic involuntary, functions such as breathing, heart rate, & blood pressure is?
Medulla Oblongata
Function of the cerebellum is?
Balance, & coordination of muscles and the body
What protects the CNS?
Skull, Vertebrae, Meninges, Cerebral Spinal Fluid & BBB.
Protective membranes that surround & protect the brain & spinal cord is…
Meninges
What are the layers from superficial to deep?
Dura mater, arachnoid mater, subarachnoid mater & pia mater
What protects nervous tissue from blows and other trauma?
The cerebrospinal fluid
What does the blood brain barrier (BBB) do?
Separates the circulating blood from the brain extracellular fluid in the CNS
What protects the spinal cord?
Meninges & CSF
At the base of the spinal column near the first lumbar vertebrae is a collection of nerves called?
Cauda Equina
What neurons go to the CNS?
Sensory of afferent neurons
What neurons go from the CNS?
Motor or efferent neurons
How many cranial nerves?
12 nerves
How many spinal nerves?
31 pairs
What are nerves made out of?
Axons