Skeletal System

Question 1

How many bones in Human Body

Answer 1

206

Question 2

Functions of Skeletal System

Answer 2

1. Support Framework.
2. Boundaries (skull)
3. Attachment for muscles
4. Movement (joints)
5. Haematopoiesis (in red marrow)
6. Mineral homeostasis (calcium & Phosphate)
7. Triglyceride storage (yellow bone marrow)

Question 3

Which part of bone is red marrow found

Answer 3

Spongy bone

Question 4

Bone Cells

Answer 4

1. Osteogenic
2. Osteoblasts
3. Osteocytes
4. Osteoclasts

Question 5

Osteogenic Cells are:

Answer 5

Bone Stem Cells (undergo division)

Question 6

Osteoblasts are

Answer 6

Bone building cells
Make & Secrete Collagen & calcium bone matrix
Traps itself in excretion - then it is a osteocyte

Question 7

Osteocyte

Answer 7

Mature Bone cell

Bone metabolism & nutrient exchange

Question 8

Osteoclasts

Answer 8

Come from WBC - up to 50 Monocytes (phagocytic)
‘Eating Cells’
Release enzymes & acids that digest bone
Resorption is the breakdown of bone matrix
REMODEL

Question 9

Compact Bone

Answer 9

Outer Layer- gives strength

formed in cylinders

Question 10

Haversian canal

Answer 10

Compact Bone - hollow inner part containing nerves, veins, artery.

Question 11

Lamellae

Answer 11

Rings of extra cellular matrix

Hard matrix extracted by osteoblasts

Question 12

Canaliculus

Answer 12

Small canal for nutrients to travel

Question 13

Lacunae

Answer 13

Spaces for Osteocytes

Question 14

Spongy Bone

Answer 14

• Contains Bone matrix called Trabeculae
• Has no osteons
• The spaces in trabeculae make bone lighter and are filled with BONE MARROW

Question 15

Where is spongy bone found?

Answer 15

Found in ends of long bone, irregular bones, short, flat & irregular.

Question 16

Long Bone

Answer 16

greater length than width

Question 17

Long Bones Heads are called

Answer 17

Epiphyses

Question 18

Top Epiphyses is called

Answer 18

Proximal Epiphyses

Question 19

Bottom of Long Bone is called

Answer 19

Distal Epiphyses

Question 20

Short of Long bone

Answer 20

Diaphysis

Question 21

Diaphysis contains

Answer 21

Compact bone

Question 22

Epiphyses contains

Answer 22

Spongy Bone

Question 23

What is the use of cartilage

Answer 23

Protection - bone on bone movement

Question 24

Examples of Long Bone

Answer 24

Femur, Tibia, Humerus

Question 25

Which Hormones promote osteoblast activity

Answer 25

Growth Hormone, Thyroid Hormone, Oestrogen & testosterone, Calcitonin

Question 26

Which Hormones promote Osteoclast activity

Answer 26

Parathyroid Hormone, Cortisol

Question 27

Calcitonin affect on bones

Answer 27

Takes calcium from blood into bone