Skeletal System Flashcards
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
- sites for muscle attachment
- Production of blood cells
- Storage of inorganic salts
What are osteocytes?
Bone cells
What are osteoblasts?
Cells that build new bone
What are osteoclasts?
Break down bone
What are the functions of red marrow?
produce red and white blood cells and platelets
What are the functions of yellow marrow?
store adipocytes
How many bones are in the skull?
13
How many bones are in the face?
8
What are foramens?
Openings for blood vessels and nerves
What are sutures?
Areas where bones join together
What does articulate mean?
joining together
Where is the atlas?
1st cervical vertebra
Where is the axis?
Joint connecting skull and spine
What are the regions of the vertebral column and the number of bones in each?
cervical- 7 thoracic- 12 lumbar-5 Sacrum Occyx
How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?
126
What is the function of a ligament?
attaches bones to bones
What is the function of a tendon?
attaches muscles to bones
What are Bursae?
a fluid-filled sac or saclike cavity, especially one countering friction at a joint.
What is in the oral cavity?
teeth and tongue
What is in the nasal cavity?
nose
What separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity?
the diaphragm
What is in the cranial cavity?
the brain, vertebral canal
What is in the thoracic cavity?
heart, lungs, ribcage
What is in the abdominal cavity?
stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, kidneys
What is in the pelvic cavity?
urinary bladder
What does gross mean in anatomy?
The large parts that can be seen to the naked eye
What does superior and inferior mean?
superior- above
inferior- below
What does anterior and posterior mean?
anterior- towards front
posterior- towards back
What does medial and lateral mean?
medial- closer to vertical midline
lateral- closer to sides
What does superficial and deep mean?
superficial- close to surface
deep- closer to internal
What is a sagittal cut?
Down middle, left right
What is a transverse cut?
cuts perpendicular with midline, makes a “T” with midline
What is a coronal cut?
front and back
What does proximal and distal mean?
Proximal- close to point of attachment
Distal- far from point of attachment
Where is compact bone found?
outer shell of all bone and also the shafts in long bones
Where is spongy bone found?
found at the expanded heads of long bones and fills most irregular bones
What is the function of spongy bone?
filled with red bone marrow- produces blood cells
What is the function of compact bone?
houses blood vessels and supplies blood to spongy bone
What bones make up the axial skeleton?
skull bones, the ossicles of the middle ear, the hyoid bone, the rib cage, sternum and the vertebral column.
How many bones are in the axial skeleton?
80
What bones make up the appendicular skeleton?
the bones in your pelvic and shoulder girdle, arms and legs
How do endochondral bones form?
Form from a hyaline cartilage model and ossify
Where are endochondral bones found?
Long bones
How do intramembranous form?
Form from sheets of connective tissues that fuse
Where are intramembranous bones found?
Skull
