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Anatomy and Physiology > Muscular System > Flashcards

Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of muscles?

A
  • propels body fluids/food/wastes
  • produce “gross” movement
  • generate heart beat
  • produce and distribute heat
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2
Q

What is fascia?

A

layers of dense connective tissue that surround and separate each muscle

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3
Q

How are muscles named?

A

location/body region, size, action, shape, number of attachments

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4
Q

What does Maximus, Major or Magnus mean?

A

Large

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5
Q

What does Minor or Minimus mean?\

A

Small

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6
Q

What does Brevis mean?

A

Short

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7
Q

What does Longus mean?

A

Long

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8
Q

What are the orientation of fibers in transverse, rectus and oblique fibers?

A

transverse- lies across
Rectus- Up and Down
Oblique- Slanting

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9
Q

What shape is a deltoid?

A

triangular

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10
Q

What shape is a trapezius?

A

trapezoid

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11
Q

What are the 5 rules for muscles?

A
  1. Atleast two points of attachment
  2. Cross atleast one joint
  3. Fibers that show direction of movement
  4. Work in antagonistic pairs that cause opposing movement
  5. Muscles only pull
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12
Q

What are myofibrils?

A

proteins filaments that allow muscle contraction

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13
Q

What are two types of myofibrils?

A

myosin and actin

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14
Q

What is myosin?

A

Thick, made up of myosin proteins

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15
Q

What is actin?

A

Thin, made up of actin proteins

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16
Q

What is neuromuscular junction?

A

site where the neuron and muscles fiber meets

17
Q

What are motor neurons?

A

causes muscles to contract

18
Q

What is sarcomere?

A

Units within muscle striations that shorten during muscle contraction

19
Q

What are the three types of muscles?

A

Smooth, cardiac and skeletal

20
Q

How do you tell skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscles apart?

A

Cardiac looks striated and is in the heart
Smooth is in walls of internal organs
Skeletal muscles are striated and attach to bones

21
Q

What two types of proteins are on the actin fiber?

A

Troponin and tropomyosin

Anatomy and Physiology (21 decks)

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