Skeletal System

Question 1

_________________ is the subdivision of the skeleton that provides protection.

Answer 1

Axial

Question 2

_________________ is the subdivision of the skeleton that provides movement.

Answer 2

Appendicular

Question 3

What are the two main divisions of the skeleton?

Answer 3

Axial and Appendicular

Question 4

Name two major functions of the skeletal system.

Answer 4

Protection and Movement

Question 5

How many bones are in the adult human skeleton?

Answer 5

206

Question 6

What connects bones to each other at joints?

Answer 6

Ligaments

Question 7

Name the three main types of joints in the human body.

Answer 7

Fixed (immovable), slightly movable, and synovial (freely movable) joints.

Question 8

What are the six synovial joints?

Answer 8

Ball and Socket, Hinge, Condyloid, Gliding, Saddle,Pivot

Question 9

Give an example of a ball-and-socket joint.

Answer 9

Shoulder or Hip

Question 10

What is a hinge joint?

Answer 10

A joint that allows movement in one direction, like the elbow or knee.

Question 11

What is the role of cartilage in joints?

Answer 11

It reduces friction and acts as a cushion between bones.

Question 12

How does regular exercise benefit the skeletal system?

Answer 12

It strengthens bones and increases bone density.

Question 13

What is a synovial joint?

Answer 13

A synovial joint is a freely movable joint where the bones are connected by a joint capsule and lubricated by synovial fluid.

Question 14

What is the purpose of the joint capsule?

Answer 14

It encloses the joint, provides stability, and contains the synovial fluid.

Question 15

What is the function of synovial fluid?

Answer 15

Reduces friction, lubricates the joint, and nourishes the cartilage.

Question 16

What is the articular cartilage, and why is it important?

Answer 16

Articular cartilage is a smooth, tough tissue that covers the ends of bones in a synovial joint, reducing friction and absorbing shock.

Question 17

What structure lines the inside of the joint capsule?

Answer 17

Synovial Membrane

Question 18

What is the role of ligaments in a synovial joint?

Answer 18

Ligaments connect bones and provide stability to the joint by preventing excessive movement.

Question 19

What is the difference between tendons and ligaments in a synovial joint?

Answer 19

Ligaments connect bone to bone, while tendons connect muscle to bone.

Question 20

What type of synovial joint allows for rotational movement?

Answer 20

A pivot joint, such as the joint between the atlas and axis in the neck.

Question 21

What is a hinge joint, and what movements does it allow?

Answer 21

A hinge joint allows flexion and extension, like the elbow or knee.

Question 22

What role do muscles play in the movement of a synovial joint?

Answer 22

Muscles contract to create movement by pulling on tendons, which move the bones of the joint.

Question 23

What are the five main types of bones in the human body?

Answer 23

Long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, and sesamoid bones.

Question 24

What is the primary function of long bones?

Answer 24

Long bones support weight and facilitate movement.

Question 25

Can you give an example of a long bone?

Answer 25

The femur (thigh bone) or humerus (upper arm bone).

Question 26

What are short bones, and what is their function?

Answer 26

Short bones are cube-shaped and provide stability and support with limited movement.

Question 27

Name an example of a short bone.

Answer 27

The carpals in the wrist or tarsals in the ankle.

Question 28

What is the main function of flat bones?

Answer 28

Flat bones provide protection for internal organs and serve as attachment points for muscles.

Question 29

Give two examples of flat bones.

Answer 29

The sternum (breastbone) and the scapula (shoulder blade).

Question 30

What are irregular bones, and what is their purpose?

Answer 30

Irregular bones have complex shapes and serve various functions, such as protection and support.

Question 31

Can you name an example of an irregular bone?

Answer 31

The Vertebrae

Question 32

What are sesamoid bones, and where are they commonly found?

Answer 32

Sesamoid bones are small, round bones embedded in tendons, an example is the Patella.

Question 33

Which type of bone is most involved in producing blood cells?

Answer 33

Flat bones

Question 34

Why do flat bones have a large surface area?

Answer 34

To provide ample space for muscle attachment.

Question 35

Which type of bone is the clavicle (collarbone)?

Answer 35

Long bone

Question 36

What type of bone is the cranium classified as?

Answer 36

Flat bones

Question 37

What type of bone are the phalanges in the fingers and toes?

Answer 37

Long bones

Question 38

What type of bone provides the most protection for internal organs?

Answer 38

Flat bones, such as the ribs and cranium

Question 39

What is flexion?

Answer 39

Flexion is the bending of a joint, decreasing the angle between two bones.

Question 40

What is extension?

Answer 40

Extension is the straightening of a joint, increasing the angle between two bones.

Question 41

What is abduction?

Answer 41

Abduction is the movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.

Question 42

What is adduction?

Answer 42

Adduction is the movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.

Question 43

What is rotation?

Answer 43

Rotation is the movement of a bone around its single axis, such as turning the head side-to-side.

Question 44

What is plantar flexion?

Answer 44

Plantar flexion is the movement of pointing the toes downward

Question 45

What is dorsiflexion?

Answer 45

Dorsiflexion is the movement of pulling the toes upward toward the shin.

Question 46

Which joint action occurs at the elbow during a bicep curl?

Answer 46

Flexion

Question 47

What joint action happens at the shoulder when performing a lateral raise?

Answer 47

Abduction

Question 48

What is the main joint action in the knee during a squat?

Answer 48

Flexion (when lowering) and extension (when rising).

Question 49

What joint action occurs at the ankle during a calf raise?

Answer 49

Plantarflexion

Question 50

What is the joint action at the hip when kicking a football forward?

Answer 50

Flexion at the hip.

Question 51

How many vertebrae are in the human spine?

Answer 51

33 vertebrae

Question 52

What are the five regions of the spine?

Answer 52

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx.

Question 53

How many vertebrae are in the cervical spine?

Answer 53

7

Question 54

How many vertebrae are in the thoracic spine?

Answer 54

12

Question 55

How many vertebrae are in the lumbar spine?

Answer 55

5

Question 56

How many vertebrae are in the sacrum?

Answer 56

5 fused together

Question 57

How many vertebrae are in the coccyx?

Answer 57

4 fused together

Question 58

What is lordosis?

Answer 58

An inward curvature of the spine, typically in the cervical and lumbar regions.

Question 59

What is kyphosis?

Answer 59

An outward curvature of the spine, typically in the thoracic and sacral regions.

Question 60

What is scoliosis?

Answer 60

A lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine.

Question 61

What is the impact of poor posture on the spine?

Answer 61

Poor posture can lead to misalignment, increased stress on the spine, and conditions like kyphosis or lordosis.

Question 62

How can regular exercise benefit the spine?

Answer 62

It strengthens the muscles that support the spine, improves flexibility, and reduces the risk of injury.

Question 63

What are the six main functions of the skeleton?

Answer 63

Support, protection, movement, shape, mineral storage, and blood cell production.

Question 64

How does the skeleton provide support?

Answer 64

It forms a framework that supports the body’s tissues and organs, maintaining its shape.

Question 65

How does the skeleton protect internal organs?

Answer 65

Bones like the skull, rib cage, and vertebrae encase and shield vital organs such as the brain, heart, and spinal cord.

Question 66

How does the skeleton enable movement?

Answer 66

Bones act as levers, and joints allow movement, with muscles pulling on bones to create motion.

Question 67

What minerals are stored in bones?

Answer 67

Bones store calcium and phosphorus, which are essential for various bodily functions.

Question 68

Which bones protect the brain?

Answer 68

Cranium

Question 69

Which bones are primarily responsible for movement in the arms?

Answer 69

The humerus, radius, and ulna.

Question 70

What types of blood cells are produced in the red bone marrow?

Answer 70

Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.