Energy Systems Flashcards
What does the term “anaerobic” mean?
It means “without oxygen.”
What type of activities rely on the anaerobic energy system?
Short-duration activities lasting between 1 second and 60 seconds, such as sprinting, jumping, or weightlifting.
How does the anaerobic energy system produce energy?
It breaks down glucose into energy, with lactic acid as a by-product.
What is the chemical equation for the anaerobic energy system?
Glucose → Energy + Lactic Acid.
What is a disadvantage of using the anaerobic energy system?
Lactic acid buildup can cause fatigue and muscle soreness.
What is an example of a sport that heavily relies on the anaerobic energy system?
100-meter sprint or high-intensity interval training (HIIT).
Why can the anaerobic energy system only be used for short periods?
Because it produces energy quickly but cannot sustain this production due to lactic acid accumulation.
What are the main fuel sources for the anaerobic energy system?
Glucose
How does training affect the anaerobic energy system?
High-intensity training can increase tolerance to lactic acid and improve short-burst energy production.
What happens to lactic acid after exercise?
It is transported to the liver, where it is converted back into glucose or broken down.
What does the term “aerobic” mean?
It means “with oxygen.”
What type of activities rely on the aerobic energy system?
Long-duration, low-to-moderate-intensity activities lasting more than 1 minute, such as jogging, cycling, or swimming.
How does the aerobic energy system produce energy?
It uses oxygen to break down glucose and fats to produce energy, with carbon dioxide and water as by-products.
What is the chemical equation for the aerobic energy system?
Glucose + Oxygen → Energy + Carbon Dioxide + Water.
What is a major advantage of the aerobic energy system?
It provides a sustainable energy supply for prolonged periods.
What are the main fuel sources for the aerobic energy system?
Glucose, glycogen, and fats.
What is an example of a sport that relies heavily on the aerobic energy system?
Marathon running or long-distance swimming.
Why does the aerobic energy system take longer to activate than the anaerobic system?
It requires oxygen to be delivered to the muscles, which takes time.
How does training improve the aerobic energy system?
Regular endurance training increases oxygen delivery, improves cardiovascular efficiency, and enhances the body’s ability to use fats as a fuel source.
What are the by-products of the aerobic energy system?
Carbon dioxide and water.
What is the main difference between the anaerobic and aerobic energy systems?
The anaerobic system does not use oxygen, while the aerobic system is oxygen-dependent.
Which energy system produces lactic acid as a by-product?
The anaerobic energy system.
Which energy system is used during high-intensity, short-duration exercise?
The anaerobic energy system.
Which energy system is used during low-intensity, long-duration exercise?
The aerobic energy system.
Why can the aerobic energy system sustain exercise for longer durations?
Because it relies on oxygen and can utilize fat stores for energy, which are abundant.
Which energy system is more efficient in producing energy?
The aerobic energy system, as it produces more ATP per glucose molecule compared to the anaerobic system.
What happens when oxygen is not available during exercise?
The body shifts to the anaerobic energy system to meet energy demands.
How do the energy systems work together during exercise?
The anaerobic system provides quick energy at the start of exercise, and the aerobic system takes over for sustained activity.
What type of training improves both energy systems?
Interval training improves the anaerobic system, while continuous endurance training enhances the aerobic system.
How do energy systems impact overall performance in sports?
Efficient energy systems ensure the body meets energy demands, delays fatigue, and improves athletic performance.
