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ANAPHY LEC > SKELETAL SYSTEM > Flashcards

SKELETAL SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

Considered as the HARDEST TISSUE in the body made of bone cells, collagenous fibers & ground substances.

A

BONE

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2
Q

principal cells of mature bone

A

OSTEOCYTE

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3
Q

associated with bone resorption

A

OSTEOCLAST

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4
Q

these are active in bone formation

A

OSTEOBLASTS

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5
Q

Is credited with being the first anatomist to correctly illustrate the skeleton with its 206 bones.

A

LEONARDO DA VINCI

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6
Q

total number of bones in adult

A

206

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7
Q

BELGIAN PHYSICIAN who reconstructed a human skeleton that is still in existence today as the OLDEST ANATOMIC SPECIMEN

A

ANDREAS VESALIUS

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8
Q

It forms the UPRIGHT AXIS of the body. It protects the brain, spinal cord & vital organs located within the thorax.

A

AXIAL SKELETON

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9
Q

It refers to BELT or zone where the limbs are attached.

A

GIRDLES (pectoral and pelvic)

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10
Q

Girdles, lower limb, upper limb

A

APPENDICULAR SKELETON

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11
Q

protects the heart, lungs, and other organs of the thorax.

A

RIB CAGE

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12
Q

provides a FIRM YET FLEXIBLE SUPPORT within certain structures like nose, external ear, thoracic cage, & trachea.

A

CARTILAGE

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13
Q

______ of skeletal muscles moves the
bones, producing body movements

A

CONTRACTION

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14
Q

BONES are storage of

A

MINERALS

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15
Q

gives rise to blood cells & platelets

A

BONE MARROW

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16
Q

LONG BONE

A

HUMERUS

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17
Q

flat bone

A

STERNUM

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18
Q

irregular bone

A

vertebra

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19
Q

SHORT BONE

A

triquetral

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20
Q

COVERS THE END OF THE BONES, stops them rubbing together and absorbs shock.

A

HYALINE CARTILAGE

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21
Q

A protective layer, for attachment of ligaments & tendons

A

PERIOSTEUM

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22
Q

Hard, dense bone, gives strength to the hollow part of the bone.

A

COMPACT BONE

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23
Q

Site of FAT STORAGE in the adult

A

YELLOW MARROW CAVITY

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24
Q

Site of LONGITUDINAL GROWTH in a child/area where BONE GROW IN LENGTH

A

EPIPHYSEAL PLATE

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25
Q

Site of SPONGY BONE in the adult

A

EPIPHYSIS (head)

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26
Q

Site of HEMOPOIESIS in the adult
Scientific name for bone shaft

A

DIAPHYSIS

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27
Q

Residences of osteocyte

A

LACUNAE

28
Q

Tiny canals, connecting lacunae

A

CANALICULI

29
Q

Longitudinal canal, carrying blood vessels & nerves

A

HAVERSIAN CANAL

30
Q

a tall, thin organ located dorsally that extends from the base of the spine to the pelvis. It protects the spinal cord and provides a key attachment point for numerous muscle groups.

A

VERTEBRAL COLUM

31
Q

VERTEBRAL COLUMN is also known as

A

BACKBONE / SPINE

32
Q

how many vertebrae in the human spine

A

33

33
Q

how many CERVICAL

A

7

34
Q

how many THORACIC

A

12

35
Q

how many LUMBAR

A

5

36
Q

how many SACRUM

A

5

37
Q

how many COCCYX

A

4

38
Q

shallower & wider

A

FEMALE PELVIS

39
Q

Pelvic inlet is ______ in female

A

WIDER

40
Q

more funnel- shaped

A

MALE PELVIS

41
Q

“sit down bone

A

ISCHIUM

42
Q

RELATIVELY SHORT REGION between the forearm and hand, composed of 8 carpal bones arranged into two rows of four each.

A

WRIST / CARPUS

43
Q

CARPUS is derived from the GREEK word _____

A

KARPOS

44
Q

Occurs frequently among people who use their hands a lot.

A

CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME

45
Q

Irritation of the median nerve causing tingling burning & numbness of the hand such as of the thumb, index, and the middle fingers.

A

CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME

46
Q

KNEE CAP BONE

A

PATELLA

47
Q

LATERAL BONE of LEG

A

FIBULA

48
Q

Shinbone / MEDIAL BONE of leg

A

TIBIA

49
Q

Bones forming the INSTEP of foot

A

METATARSALS

50
Q

Bones of the ankle

A

TARSALS

51
Q

A DISORDER IN CHILDREN which is due to INSUFFICIENT VITAMIN D resulting from reduced mineralization of the bone matrix.

A

RICKETS

52
Q

Is a disease characterized by WEAK, SOFT OR BRITTLE BONES in ADULTS.

A

OSTEOMALACIA

53
Q

The BREAKING of bone or cartilage

A

FRACTURE

54
Q

MOST COMMON fractured bone in people over 50 years old, resulting from an OUTSTRETCHED HAND

A

RADIUS FRACTURE

55
Q

The most common site
of fracture in radius

A

2.5 cm

56
Q

PROCESS OF BONE REPAIR

A

Hematoma Formation
Callus Formation
Callus Ossification
Bone Remodeling

57
Q

Is a condition characterized by PROGRESSIVE LOSS OF BONE DENSITY, thinning of bone tissue and increased vulnerability to fractures.

A

OSTEOPOROSIS

58
Q

Osteoporotic bones are more ___ and therefore more vulnerable to fracture

A

POROUS

59
Q

A CHRONIC DIEASE OF THE JOINT CARTILAGE & BONE, often thought to result from “wear and tear“ on the joint, thus it is also known as “degenerative arthritis”. Other causes are congenital defects, trauma & metabolic disorders

A

OSTEOARTHRITIS

60
Q

Is a BONE INFLAMMATION resulting from
BACTERIAL INFECTION like Staphylococcus aureus

A

OSTEOMYELITIS

61
Q

Characterize by HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE w/c is LESS THAN THE 3RD PERCENTILE. Most often occurs because of failure of the brain to grow at a normal rate

A

MICROCEPHALY

62
Q

malaki ulo

A

MACROCEPHALY

63
Q

A type of bone formation were many skull bones, part of the mandible, diaphysis of collarbones develop.

A

intramembranous ossification

64
Q

Chronic vitamin D deficiency results in which of these consequences?

bones become brittle

bones become soft and pliable

scurvy occur therefore bones become brittle

scurvy occur

A

bones become soft and pliable

65
Q

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?

internal support and protection

provides attachment for the muscles

vitamin D storage

calcium and phosphate storage

blood cell production

A

vitamin D storage

66
Q

If the secretion of PTH (parathyroid hormone) increases, osteoclast activity ___ and blood calcium levels ___.

decreases, decrease

decreases, increase

increases, decrease

increases, increase

A

increases, increase

ANAPHY LEC (7 decks)

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