BLOOD

Question 1

%-age of blood volume that is RBCs

Answer 1

HEMATOCRIT

Question 2

hematocrit males

Answer 2

47% +/-5%

Question 3

hematocrit in females

Answer 3

42% +/-5%

Question 4

• 55% of whole blood
• LEAST DENSE component

Answer 4

PLASMA

Question 5

• leukocytes & platelets
• <1% of whole blood

Answer 5

BUFFY COAT

Question 6

• 45% of whole blood
• MOST DENSE component

Answer 6

ERYTHROCYTES

Question 7

make up to 7% of plasma and fall into 3 major classes

Answer 7

PLASMA PROTEINS

Question 8

• make up roughly 60% of all plasma proteins and are a MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR to OSMOTIC PRESSURE
• the SMALLEST of the three and serve as CARRIERS for hormones, metabolites, and drugs.

Answer 8

ALBUMINS

Question 9

• These proteins make up about 35%.

Answer 9

GLOBULINS

Question 10

producedby LYMPHOCYTES

Answer 10

IMMUNOGLOBULINS

Question 11

other globulins are produced by the

Answer 11

LIVER

Question 12

serve as TRANSPORT GLOBULINS for ions, hormones and other compounds

Answer 12

NONIMMUNE GLOBULINS

Question 13

This is the LARGEST PROTEIN but only comprises about 4% of plasma proteins. It participates in the CLOT FORMATION
when it is transformed into fibrin

Answer 13

FIBRINOGEN

Question 14

Blood plasma minus the fibrinogen and other clotting proteins is called

Answer 14

SERUM

Question 15

Albumin and globulin form complexes with lipids that are called _______ that enable insoluble lipids to be TRANSPORTED throughout the body

Answer 15

LIPOPROTEINS

Question 16

BICONCAVE DISK; no nucleus; contains hemoglobin, which colors the cell; 6.5-8.5 micrometer in diameter

Answer 16

RBC (erythrocyte)

Question 17

SPHERICAL CELLS each with a nucleus; white in color because they LACK HEMOGLOBIN

Answer 17

WBC (leukocyte)

Question 18

transports OXYGEN & CO2

Answer 18

RBC erythrocytes

Question 19

five types, each with specific functions

Answer 19

WBC leukocytes

Question 20

nucleus with 2-4 lobes connected by THIN FILAMENTS; cytoplasmic granules stain a LIGHT PINK or REDDISH PURPLE; 10-12 microm in diameter

Answer 20

NEUTROPHIL

Question 21

phagocytizes microorganisms and other substances

Answer 21

NEUTROPHILS

Question 22

nucleus with two INDISTINCT LOBES; cytoplasmic granules stain BLUE-PURPLE; 10-12 microm in diameter

Answer 22

BASOPHIL

Question 23

RELEASES HISTAMINE, which promotes inflammation, and heparin, which PREVENTS CLOT FORMATION

Answer 23

BASOPHIL

Question 24

nucleus often BILOBED; cytoplasmic granules stain ORANGE-RED or BRIGHT RED; 11-14 microm in diameter

Answer 24

EOSINOPHIL

Question 25

releases chemicals that REDUCE INFLAMMATION; ATTACKS certain WORM PARASITES

Answer 25

EOSINOPHIL

Question 26

ROUND NUCLEUS; cytoplasm forms a THIN RING around the nucleus; 6-14 microm in diameter

Answer 26

LYMPHOCYTE

Question 27

produces ANTIBODIES & other chemicals responsible for DESTROYING MICROORGANISMS; contributes to allergic reactions, graft rejection, tumor control, and regulation of the immune system

Answer 27

LYMPHOCYTE

Question 28

nucleus round, KIDNEY, or HORSESHOE-SHAPED; contains more cytoplasm than does lymphocyte; 12-20 microm in diameter

Answer 28

MONOCYTE

Question 29

PHAGOCYTIC CELL in the blood; leaves the blood and becomes a MACROPHAGE, which phagocytizes bacteria, dead cells, cell fragments, and other debris within tissues

Answer 29

MONOCYTE

Question 30

cell fragment surrounded by a PLASMA MEMBRANE and containing granules; 2-4 microm in diameter

Answer 30

PLATELET thrombocyte

Question 31

forms PLATELET PLUGS; releases chemicals necessary for BLOOD CLOTTING

Answer 31

PLATELET thrombocyte

Question 32

RBCs circulate how many days after leaving the red bone marrow before they are phagocytized by macrophages

Answer 32

120 days

Question 33

erythropoiesis takes place in ______

Answer 33

RED BONE MAROW

Question 34

______ in the spleen, liver, or red bone marrow phagocytize RUPTURED & WORN-OUT red blood cells.

Answer 34

MACROPHAGES

Question 35

the ____ and ____ portions of HEMOGLOBIN are split apart

Answer 35

GLOBIN & HEME

Question 36

_____ is broken down into AMINO ACIDS, which can be reused to synthesize other proteins

Answer 36

GLOBIN

Question 37

a TRANSPORTER for Fe3+ in the bloodstream

Answer 37

TRANSFERRIN

Question 38

trans means

Answer 38

ACROSS

Question 39

ferr means

Answer 39

IRON

Question 40

an IRON-STORAGE protein

Answer 40

FERRITIN

Question 41

when iron is REMOVED from heme, the non-iron portion of heme is converted to A GREEN PIGMENT called

Answer 41

BILIVERDIN

Question 42

in the large intestine, bacteria convert bilirubin into

Answer 42

URBILINOGEN

Question 43

YELLOW PIGMENT excreted in urine

Answer 43

UROBILIN

Question 44

BROWN PIGMENT that gives feces its color

Answer 44

STERCOBILIN

Question 45

HIGH COUNT MAY INDICATE: bacterial infection, burns, stress, inflammation

Answer 45

NEUTROPHILS

Question 46

HIGH COUNT MAY INDICATE: viral infections, some leukemias, infectious mononucleosis

Answer 46

LYMPHOCYTES

Question 47

HIGH COUNT MAY INDICATE: viral or fungal infections, tuberculosis, some leukemias, other chronic diseases

Answer 47

MONOCYTES

Question 48

HIGH COUNT MAY INDICATE: allergic reactions, parasitic infections, autoimmune diseases

Answer 48

EOSINOPHILS

Question 49

HIGH COUNT MAY INDICATE: allergic reactions, leukemias, cancers, hypothyroidism

Answer 49

BASOPHILS

Question 50

LOW COUNT MAY INDICATE: radiation exposure, drug toxicity, vitamin B12 deficiency, systemic lupus erythmatosus

Answer 50

NEUTROPHILS

Question 51

LOW COUNT MAY INDICATE: prolonged illness, HIV infection, immunosuppression, treatment with cortisol

Answer 51

LYMPHOCYTES

Question 52

LOW COUNT MAY INDICATE: bone marrow suppression, treatment with cortisol

Answer 52

MONOCYTES

Question 53

LOW COUNT MAY INDICATE: drug toxicity, stress, acute allergic reactions

Answer 53

EOSINOPHILS

Question 54

LOW COUNT MAY INDICATE: pregnancy, ovulation, stress, hypothyroidism

Answer 54

BASOPHILS