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ANAPHY LEC > BLOOD > Flashcards

BLOOD Flashcards

1
Q

%-age of blood volume that is RBCs

A

HEMATOCRIT

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2
Q

hematocrit males

A

47% +/-5%

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3
Q

hematocrit in females

A

42% +/-5%

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4
Q
  • 55% of whole blood
  • LEAST DENSE component
A

PLASMA

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5
Q
  • leukocytes & platelets
  • <1% of whole blood
A

BUFFY COAT

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6
Q
  • 45% of whole blood
  • MOST DENSE component
A

ERYTHROCYTES

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7
Q

make up to 7% of plasma and fall into 3 major classes

A

PLASMA PROTEINS

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8
Q
  • make up roughly 60% of all plasma proteins and are a MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR to OSMOTIC PRESSURE
  • the SMALLEST of the three and serve as CARRIERS for hormones, metabolites, and drugs.
A

ALBUMINS

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9
Q
  • These proteins make up about 35%.
A

GLOBULINS

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10
Q

producedby LYMPHOCYTES

A

IMMUNOGLOBULINS

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11
Q

other globulins are produced by the

A

LIVER

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12
Q

serve as TRANSPORT GLOBULINS for ions, hormones and other compounds

A

NONIMMUNE GLOBULINS

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13
Q

This is the LARGEST PROTEIN but only comprises about 4% of plasma proteins. It participates in the CLOT FORMATION
when it is transformed into fibrin

A

FIBRINOGEN

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14
Q

Blood plasma minus the fibrinogen and other clotting proteins is called

A

SERUM

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15
Q

Albumin and globulin form complexes with lipids that are called _______ that enable insoluble lipids to be TRANSPORTED throughout the body

A

LIPOPROTEINS

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16
Q

BICONCAVE DISK; no nucleus; contains hemoglobin, which colors the cell; 6.5-8.5 micrometer in diameter

A

RBC (erythrocyte)

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17
Q

SPHERICAL CELLS each with a nucleus; white in color because they LACK HEMOGLOBIN

A

WBC (leukocyte)

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18
Q

transports OXYGEN & CO2

A

RBC erythrocytes

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19
Q

five types, each with specific functions

A

WBC leukocytes

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20
Q

nucleus with 2-4 lobes connected by THIN FILAMENTS; cytoplasmic granules stain a LIGHT PINK or REDDISH PURPLE; 10-12 microm in diameter

A

NEUTROPHIL

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21
Q

phagocytizes microorganisms and other substances

A

NEUTROPHILS

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22
Q

nucleus with two INDISTINCT LOBES; cytoplasmic granules stain BLUE-PURPLE; 10-12 microm in diameter

A

BASOPHIL

23
Q

RELEASES HISTAMINE, which promotes inflammation, and heparin, which PREVENTS CLOT FORMATION

A

BASOPHIL

24
Q

nucleus often BILOBED; cytoplasmic granules stain ORANGE-RED or BRIGHT RED; 11-14 microm in diameter

A

EOSINOPHIL

25
Q

releases chemicals that REDUCE INFLAMMATION; ATTACKS certain WORM PARASITES

A

EOSINOPHIL

26
Q

ROUND NUCLEUS; cytoplasm forms a THIN RING around the nucleus; 6-14 microm in diameter

A

LYMPHOCYTE

27
Q

produces ANTIBODIES & other chemicals responsible for DESTROYING MICROORGANISMS; contributes to allergic reactions, graft rejection, tumor control, and regulation of the immune system

A

LYMPHOCYTE

28
Q

nucleus round, KIDNEY, or HORSESHOE-SHAPED; contains more cytoplasm than does lymphocyte; 12-20 microm in diameter

A

MONOCYTE

29
Q

PHAGOCYTIC CELL in the blood; leaves the blood and becomes a MACROPHAGE, which phagocytizes bacteria, dead cells, cell fragments, and other debris within tissues

A

MONOCYTE

30
Q

cell fragment surrounded by a PLASMA MEMBRANE and containing granules; 2-4 microm in diameter

A

PLATELET thrombocyte

31
Q

forms PLATELET PLUGS; releases chemicals necessary for BLOOD CLOTTING

A

PLATELET thrombocyte

32
Q

RBCs circulate how many days after leaving the red bone marrow before they are phagocytized by macrophages

A

120 days

33
Q

erythropoiesis takes place in ______

A

RED BONE MAROW

34
Q

______ in the spleen, liver, or red bone marrow phagocytize RUPTURED & WORN-OUT red blood cells.

A

MACROPHAGES

35
Q

the ____ and ____ portions of HEMOGLOBIN are split apart

A

GLOBIN & HEME

36
Q

_____ is broken down into AMINO ACIDS, which can be reused to synthesize other proteins

A

GLOBIN

37
Q

a TRANSPORTER for Fe3+ in the bloodstream

A

TRANSFERRIN

38
Q

trans means

A

ACROSS

39
Q

ferr means

A

IRON

40
Q

an IRON-STORAGE protein

A

FERRITIN

41
Q

when iron is REMOVED from heme, the non-iron portion of heme is converted to A GREEN PIGMENT called

A

BILIVERDIN

42
Q

in the large intestine, bacteria convert bilirubin into

A

URBILINOGEN

43
Q

YELLOW PIGMENT excreted in urine

A

UROBILIN

44
Q

BROWN PIGMENT that gives feces its color

A

STERCOBILIN

45
Q

HIGH COUNT MAY INDICATE:
bacterial infection, burns, stress, inflammation

A

NEUTROPHILS

46
Q

HIGH COUNT MAY INDICATE:
viral infections, some leukemias, infectious mononucleosis

A

LYMPHOCYTES

47
Q

HIGH COUNT MAY INDICATE:
viral or fungal infections, tuberculosis, some leukemias, other chronic diseases

A

MONOCYTES

48
Q

HIGH COUNT MAY INDICATE:
allergic reactions, parasitic infections, autoimmune diseases

A

EOSINOPHILS

49
Q

HIGH COUNT MAY INDICATE:
allergic reactions, leukemias, cancers, hypothyroidism

A

BASOPHILS

50
Q

LOW COUNT MAY INDICATE:
radiation exposure, drug toxicity, vitamin B12 deficiency, systemic lupus erythmatosus

A

NEUTROPHILS

51
Q

LOW COUNT MAY INDICATE:
prolonged illness, HIV infection, immunosuppression, treatment with cortisol

A

LYMPHOCYTES

52
Q

LOW COUNT MAY INDICATE:
bone marrow suppression, treatment with cortisol

A

MONOCYTES

53
Q

LOW COUNT MAY INDICATE:
drug toxicity, stress, acute allergic reactions

A

EOSINOPHILS

54
Q

LOW COUNT MAY INDICATE:
pregnancy, ovulation, stress, hypothyroidism

A

BASOPHILS

ANAPHY LEC (7 decks)

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