Skeletal System Flashcards
What is the skeletal system made up of
Bones, ligament, cartilage
5 main function of the skeletal system
- Support
- Protection
- Movement
- Blood cell formation
- Storage of minerals and fat
Upper body main bones
Skull - Cranium, Mandible & Maxilla
Shoulder girdle - Clavicle & Scapula
Spine - Vertebrae
Arm - Humerus, Radius, Ulna
Hand - Carpels, Metacarpals, Phalanges
Chest - Sternum & Ribs
Lower body main bones
Pelvic girdle - Ilium, Pubis & Ischium
Leg - Femur, Tibia, Fibula
Ankle - Talus & Calcaneus
Foot - Tarsals, Metatarsals, Phalanges
2 atomically part of skeleton
Axial (Central)
Appendicular (Extremities of arms and legs)
Axial purpose and bones
House and protect vital organs & provide attachment for muscles, passageways for nerve and blood vessels
Skull
Vertebral column
-Cervical (7)
-Thoracic (12)
-Lumbar (5)
-Sacrum (5 fused)
-Coccyx (4 fused)
Bony thorax (ribs and sternum)
(80 bones)
Appendicular purpose and bones
Allow movement
Arms
Legs
Hand
Feet
Pelvic girdle
Shoulder girdle
(126 bones)
5 bone categories
1.Long
2.Short
3.Flat
4.Irregular
5.Sesamoid
Long bone
Cylinder like, longer then wide
Leverage
Femur, tibia, fibula, metatarsals, humerus, radius, ulna, metacarpals, phalanges
Short bones
Cube like, approx equal long, wide & thick
Stability, support, some motion
Carpals, tarsals
Flat bones
Thin & curved
Point of muscle attachment, protect internal organs
Sternum, ribs, scapula, cranial bones
Irregular bones
Complex shape
Protect internal organs
Vertebrae, facial bones
Sesamoid bones
Small, round, imbedded in tendons
Protect tendons from compressive force
Patellae
How many bones in human adult
206
Joint categories
1.Fibrous (immovable) ie Skull
2.Cartilaginous (slightly movable) ie Vertebrae
3.Synovial (free moving) ie Shoulder
