Skeletal Pathology

Question 1

Achondroplasia

Answer 1

Disorder of growth of cartilage at the epiphyses of long bones and skull. Results in dwarfism.

Question 2

Muscular Dystrophy

Answer 2

Inherited progressive atrophy of skeletal muscle without neural involvement.

Question 3

Polydactyly

Answer 3

More than five fingers or toes on each hand or foot.

Question 4

Spina bifida occulta

Answer 4

Congenital malformation of bony spinal canal without involvement of spinal cord.

Question 5

Syndactyly

Answer 5

Joining of fingers or toes giving a webbed appearance

Question 6

Talipes

Answer 6

Deformity resulting in abnormal twisting of the foot. Clubfoot

Question 7

Torticollis

Answer 7

Contraction of the muscles of the neck. Called wryneck.

Question 8

Osteomalacia

Answer 8

Softening of bone due to demineralization due to Vitamin D defieciency

Question 9

Ostomyelitis

Answer 9

Infection of bone and marrow

Question 10

Osteoporosis

Answer 10

Loss of bone mass, makes bones fragile and at risk for fractures

Question 11

Osteopenia

Answer 11

Less severe form of Osteoporosis

Question 12

Rickets

Answer 12

Osteomalacia occurring in childhood

Question 13

Bunion

Answer 13

Common, painful enlargement of first metatarsophalangeal joint

Question 14

(TMJ) Temporomandibular Joint Disorder

Answer 14

Dysfunctional temporomandibular joint accompanied by jaw pain.

Question 15

Osteoarthritis

Answer 15

Joint disease characterized by degenerative articular cartilage. A “wear and tear” disorder. Also called degenerative joint disease (DJD)

Question 16

Dorsalgia

Answer 16

Upper back pain

Question 17

Lumbago

Answer 17

Lower back pain

Question 18

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Answer 18

Chronic inflammatory disease which causes a fusion of the spine

Question 19

Herniated Intervertebral Disk

Answer 19

Protrusion of the central part of the disk, resulting in compression of the nerve root, and pain.

Question 20

Kyphosis

Answer 20

Extreme posterior curve of thoracic vertebra. Humpback

Question 21

Lordosis

Answer 21

Exaggerated anterior curve of lumbar vertebra. Swayback

Question 22

Sciatica

Answer 22

Inflammation of sciatic nerve

Question 23

Scoliosis

Answer 23

Lateral S curve of spine

Question 24

Spinal Stenosis

Answer 24

Abnormal narrowing of spinal canal with pain.

Question 25

Spondylolisthesis

Answer 25

Partial forward dislocation of one vertebra over the one beneath it

Question 26

Spondylosis

Answer 26

Stiffening of vertebral joints

Question 27

Contracture

Answer 27

Chronic fixation of a joint inflexion caused by atrophy and shortening of muscle fibers

Question 28

Fibromyalgia

Answer 28

Disorder characterized by musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, muscle stiffness, spasms, and sleep disturbance.

Question 29

Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 29

Severe condition characterized by fatigue and progressive muscle weakness especially of the face and throat.

Question 30

Osteoma

Answer 30

Benign bone tumor, usually of compact bone

Question 31

Chondroma

Answer 31

Benign tumor of cartilage usually in children or adolescents

Question 32

Leiomyoma

Answer 32

Benign tumor of smooth muscle

Question 33

Fibroid Tumor

Answer 33

leiomyoma of uterus

Question 34

Rhabdomyoma

Answer 34

Benign tumor of skeletal muscle

Question 35

Osteosarcoma

Answer 35

Malignant bone tumor. Also called Ewing sarcoma.

Question 36

Chondrosarcoma

Answer 36

Malignant tumor of cartilage, usually in adults

Question 37

Leiomyosarcoma

Answer 37

Malignant smooth muscle tumor, Most common in uterus

Question 38

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Answer 38

Highly malignant skeletal muscle tumor. Also called Rhabdosarcoma or rhabdomyoblastoma