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Mastering Healthcare Terminology 2E > Diagnostic Procedures and Lab Tests > Flashcards

Diagnostic Procedures and Lab Tests Flashcards

1
Q

Excisional Biopsy

A

Biopsy in which entire tumor is removed with borders as means of diagnosis and treatment

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2
Q

Exfoliation

A

Scraping or shaving off samples of friable (easily crushed) lesions for lab exam. Also called exfoliative cytology.

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3
Q

Incisional biopsy

A

Biopsy in which tissue samples are obtained through excising a wedge of tissue and suturing the incision.

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4
Q

Needle aspiration

A

Aspiration of fluid from lesions to obtain samples for culture and examination.

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5
Q

Punch biopsy

A

Biopsy in which a tubular punch is inserted through subcutaneous tissue and tissue is cut off at the base.

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6
Q

Bacterial Analyses

A

Culture and serology of legions to help diagnose disorders such as impetigo

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7
Q

Fungal tests

A

Cultures of scrapings used to identify fungal infections

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8
Q

Tuberculosis skin tests

A

Mantoux test. Intradermal injection of purified protein derivative to test for TB

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9
Q

Sweat test

A

Test for Cyctic Fibrosis

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10
Q

Tzanck test

A

Microscopic examination of lesions to diagnose herpes simplex or herpes zoster

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11
Q

Viral culture

A

Sample of vesicular fluid to identify viruses

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12
Q

Wood’s light examination

A

Method to identify a variety of skin infections using a Woods lamp which produces ultraviolet light. Used for tinea capitis and pseudomonas infections among others.

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13
Q

Wound and abcess cultures

A

Lab samples that can identify pathogens in wounds,

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14
Q

Barium Enema (BE)

A

Introduction of barium sulfate suspension through rectum for imaging of lower digestive tract.

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15
Q

Barium Swallow (BaS)

A

Introduction of barium sulfate suspension through mouth for imaging of upper digestive tract

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16
Q

Cholangiography

A

Injection of contrast medium into bile duct for imaging

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17
Q

Cholecystography

A

Contrast study with oral iodine as contrast medium after which gall bladder is imaged at intervals.

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18
Q

Computed Tomography (CT scan)

A

Radiographic procedure that produces highly detailed “slices” of the body.

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19
Q

Endoscopy

A

General term for internal visualization of the body using an endoscope

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20
Q

Fluoroscopy

A

Special x-ray procedure that produces real time images

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21
Q

manometry

A

Test that measures muscle pressure of the esophagus.

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22
Q

ultrasonography

A

use of high frequency sound waves to image deep structures of the body

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23
Q

Biopsy

A

Removal of living tissue for examination

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24
Q

Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)

A

Blood test to detect increased enzymes that can indicate cirrhosis and hepatitis among others

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25
Q

Stool culture

A

Fecal exam to test for microorganisms

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26
Q

Stool guaiac

A

Fecal exam to test for hidden blood in stool

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27
Q

Hemoccult test

A

Fecal exam to test for hidden blood in stool

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28
Q

Total bilirubin

A

Blood test to detect possible jaundice, cirrhosis, or hepatitis

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29
Q

Nuclear scans

A

Useful in locating and staging cancer of thyroid and bone.

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30
Q

Radioactive Iodine (RAI) uptake scan

A

May be used to test thyroid function by measuring gland’s ability to concentrate and retain iodine. Test for hyperthyroidism.

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31
Q

A1c

A

Measure of average blood glucose during a 3 month span

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32
Q

Fasting blood sugar (FBS)

A

After a period of fasting blood is drawn. Amount of glucose present is used to measure ability to break down and use glucose

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33
Q

Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT)

A

Blood test to measure the body’s response to concentrated glucose solution. Used to diagnose diabetes mellitus

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34
Q

Hormone Tests

A

Measure the amount of antidiuretic hormone, cortisol, growth hormone, or parathyroid hormone in blood.

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35
Q

Radioimmunoassay studies (RIA)

A

Nuclear medicine tests used to tag and detect hormones in the blood using radionuclides

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36
Q

Thyroid function tests (TFT)

A

Blood tests to assess T3, T4, and calcitonin.

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37
Q

Total Calcium

A

Measures the amount of calcium in blood

38
Q

Urine Glucose

A

Used as a screen for or to monitor diabetes mellitus. Urine specimen is tested for presence of glucose

39
Q

Unine Ketones

A

Test to detect presence of ketones in urine. Tests for diabetes mellitus or hyperthyroidism

40
Q

Urinalysis

A

Physical, chemical, and/or microscopic examination of urine

41
Q

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

A

blood test to measure amount of nitrogenous waste in the circulatory system

42
Q

Creatinine clearance test

A

Test of kidney function that measures rate at which nitrogenous waste is removed from the blood

43
Q

Intravenous urography

A

Radiographic imaging of the kidneys, ureters and bladder done with contrast medium, also called intravenous pyelography

44
Q

Kidney, ureter, and bladder (KUB)

A

radiographic imaging of kidneys, ureters, and bladder without contrast medium

45
Q

nephrotomography

A

Sectional radiographic exam of kidneys

46
Q

Voiding cystourethrography

A

radiographic imaging of the urinary bladder and urethra done with contrast while patient is urinating

47
Q

cystoscopy

A

visual examination of urinary bladder done with cystoscope

48
Q

Catheter

A

Tube inserted into vessel, organ, or cavity to withdraw or instill fluid

49
Q

Cystoscope

A

Instrument for visual examination of bladder

50
Q

Laparoscope

A

Type of endoscope inserted through abdominal wall to examine peritoneal cavity

51
Q

Lithotrite

A

Instrument to crush calculi

52
Q

nephroscope

A

Fiberoptic instrument used for the disintegration and removal of renal calculi

53
Q

Stent

A

tubular device for supporting hollow structures

54
Q

urinometer

A

used to measure specific gravity of a urine sample

55
Q

Digital rectal examination

A

Insertion of gloved finger into the rectum to palpate the prostate

56
Q

Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test

A

Diagnoses syphilis

57
Q

Gram stain

A

Diagnoses gonorrhea

58
Q

Prostate-specific antigen

A

Blood test for prostatic hypertrophy

59
Q

Sperm analysis

A

Count and analysis of the number and health of spermatozoa as a test for male fertility

60
Q

Venereal Disease Laboratory test

A

Test to screen for syphilis

61
Q

Cevicography

A

Photographic procedure to image entire cervix to produce a slide called a cervigram Used to detect cancer

62
Q

Hysterosalpingography

A

X-ray procedure using contrast medium to image uterus and fallopian tubes

63
Q

Mammography

A

Imaging technique for early detection of breast cancer

64
Q

Pelvimetry

A

Measurement of birth canal

65
Q

Colposcopy

A

Endoscopic procedure used for cervical/vaginal biopsy

66
Q

Culdoscopy

A

Endoscopic procedure used for biopsy of Douglas cul-de-sac

67
Q

Hysteroscopy

A

Endoscopic procedure used for myomectomy (fibroid removal) or polypectomy

68
Q

Culdocentesis

A

Removal of fluid and cells from the rectouterine pouch to detect dysplasia

69
Q

Hormone levels

A

Lab measurements of the presence and amounts of certain hormones

70
Q

Pap smear

A

Exfoliative cytology procedure for detection of vaginal and cervical cancer

71
Q

Alpha fetoprotein test

A

maternal serum (blood) test between 14 -19 weeks of gestation, may indicate a variety of conditions

72
Q

Amniocentesis

A

Removal and anaylsis of amniotic fluid sample to diagnose fetal abnormalities

73
Q

Chorionic villus sampling

A

Removal of a small piece of the outer covering of the fetus to test for chromosomal abnormalities

74
Q

Contraction stress test

A

Test to predict fetal outcome and risk of intrauterine asphyxia by measuring fetal heart rate

75
Q

Nonstress test

A

Stimulation of the fetus to monitor for a normal expected acceleration of the fetal heart rate

76
Q

Pregnancy test

A

test to confirm pregnancy

77
Q

Apgar score

A

Rates the physical health of the infant with set criteria 1 and 5 minutes after birth

78
Q

Congenital hypothyroidism

A

deficient thyroid hormones

79
Q

Phenylketonuria

A

Test for deficiency of enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. Failure to treat leads to damage and retardation

80
Q

Amsler grid

A

Test to assess central vision and assist in diagnosis of macular degeneration

81
Q

Diopters

A

Level of measurement that quantifies refraction errors

82
Q

Fluorecein angiography

A

Confirms retinal disease by injection of fluorescein dye into eye and use of camera to record retinal vessels

83
Q

Fluorecein staining

A

Use of dye dropped into eye that allows differential staining of abnormalities of cornea

84
Q

Gonioscopy

A

Visualization of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye

85
Q

Ophthalmic ultrasonography

A

Images inside of eye when opacities prevent other imaging means

86
Q

Ophthalmoscopy

A

Visual examination of inside of eye

87
Q

Schirmer tear test

A

determines amount of tear production

88
Q

slit lamp examination

A

examines various layer of the eye

89
Q

tonometry

A

measurement of intraocular pressure

90
Q

visual acuity assessment

A

test of clearness or sharpness of vision

91
Q

visual field test

A

test to determine area of physical space visible to an individual

Mastering Healthcare Terminology 2E (34 decks)

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