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Mastering Healthcare Terminology 2E > Diagnostic Procedures and Lab Tests > Flashcards

Diagnostic Procedures and Lab Tests Flashcards

1
Q

Excisional Biopsy

A

Biopsy in which entire tumor is removed with borders as means of diagnosis and treatment

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2
Q

Exfoliation

A

Scraping or shaving off samples of friable (easily crushed) lesions for lab exam. Also called exfoliative cytology.

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3
Q

Incisional biopsy

A

Biopsy in which tissue samples are obtained through excising a wedge of tissue and suturing the incision.

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4
Q

Needle aspiration

A

Aspiration of fluid from lesions to obtain samples for culture and examination.

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5
Q

Punch biopsy

A

Biopsy in which a tubular punch is inserted through subcutaneous tissue and tissue is cut off at the base.

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6
Q

Bacterial Analyses

A

Culture and serology of legions to help diagnose disorders such as impetigo

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7
Q

Fungal tests

A

Cultures of scrapings used to identify fungal infections

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8
Q

Tuberculosis skin tests

A

Mantoux test. Intradermal injection of purified protein derivative to test for TB

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9
Q

Sweat test

A

Test for Cyctic Fibrosis

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10
Q

Tzanck test

A

Microscopic examination of lesions to diagnose herpes simplex or herpes zoster

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11
Q

Viral culture

A

Sample of vesicular fluid to identify viruses

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12
Q

Wood’s light examination

A

Method to identify a variety of skin infections using a Woods lamp which produces ultraviolet light. Used for tinea capitis and pseudomonas infections among others.

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13
Q

Wound and abcess cultures

A

Lab samples that can identify pathogens in wounds,

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14
Q

Barium Enema (BE)

A

Introduction of barium sulfate suspension through rectum for imaging of lower digestive tract.

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15
Q

Barium Swallow (BaS)

A

Introduction of barium sulfate suspension through mouth for imaging of upper digestive tract

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16
Q

Cholangiography

A

Injection of contrast medium into bile duct for imaging

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17
Q

Cholecystography

A

Contrast study with oral iodine as contrast medium after which gall bladder is imaged at intervals.

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18
Q

Computed Tomography (CT scan)

A

Radiographic procedure that produces highly detailed “slices” of the body.

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19
Q

Endoscopy

A

General term for internal visualization of the body using an endoscope

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20
Q

Fluoroscopy

A

Special x-ray procedure that produces real time images

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21
Q

manometry

A

Test that measures muscle pressure of the esophagus.

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22
Q

ultrasonography

A

use of high frequency sound waves to image deep structures of the body

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23
Q

Biopsy

A

Removal of living tissue for examination

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24
Q

Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)

A

Blood test to detect increased enzymes that can indicate cirrhosis and hepatitis among others

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25
Stool culture
Fecal exam to test for microorganisms
26
Stool guaiac
Fecal exam to test for hidden blood in stool
27
Hemoccult test
Fecal exam to test for hidden blood in stool
28
Total bilirubin
Blood test to detect possible jaundice, cirrhosis, or hepatitis
29
Nuclear scans
Useful in locating and staging cancer of thyroid and bone.
30
Radioactive Iodine (RAI) uptake scan
May be used to test thyroid function by measuring gland's ability to concentrate and retain iodine. Test for hyperthyroidism.
31
A1c
Measure of average blood glucose during a 3 month span
32
Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
After a period of fasting blood is drawn. Amount of glucose present is used to measure ability to break down and use glucose
33
Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT)
Blood test to measure the body's response to concentrated glucose solution. Used to diagnose diabetes mellitus
34
Hormone Tests
Measure the amount of antidiuretic hormone, cortisol, growth hormone, or parathyroid hormone in blood.
35
Radioimmunoassay studies (RIA)
Nuclear medicine tests used to tag and detect hormones in the blood using radionuclides
36
Thyroid function tests (TFT)
Blood tests to assess T3, T4, and calcitonin.
37
Total Calcium
Measures the amount of calcium in blood
38
Urine Glucose
Used as a screen for or to monitor diabetes mellitus. Urine specimen is tested for presence of glucose
39
Unine Ketones
Test to detect presence of ketones in urine. Tests for diabetes mellitus or hyperthyroidism
40
Urinalysis
Physical, chemical, and/or microscopic examination of urine
41
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
blood test to measure amount of nitrogenous waste in the circulatory system
42
Creatinine clearance test
Test of kidney function that measures rate at which nitrogenous waste is removed from the blood
43
Intravenous urography
Radiographic imaging of the kidneys, ureters and bladder done with contrast medium, also called intravenous pyelography
44
Kidney, ureter, and bladder (KUB)
radiographic imaging of kidneys, ureters, and bladder without contrast medium
45
nephrotomography
Sectional radiographic exam of kidneys
46
Voiding cystourethrography
radiographic imaging of the urinary bladder and urethra done with contrast while patient is urinating
47
cystoscopy
visual examination of urinary bladder done with cystoscope
48
Catheter
Tube inserted into vessel, organ, or cavity to withdraw or instill fluid
49
Cystoscope
Instrument for visual examination of bladder
50
Laparoscope
Type of endoscope inserted through abdominal wall to examine peritoneal cavity
51
Lithotrite
Instrument to crush calculi
52
nephroscope
Fiberoptic instrument used for the disintegration and removal of renal calculi
53
Stent
tubular device for supporting hollow structures
54
urinometer
used to measure specific gravity of a urine sample
55
Digital rectal examination
Insertion of gloved finger into the rectum to palpate the prostate
56
Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test
Diagnoses syphilis
57
Gram stain
Diagnoses gonorrhea
58
Prostate-specific antigen
Blood test for prostatic hypertrophy
59
Sperm analysis
Count and analysis of the number and health of spermatozoa as a test for male fertility
60
Venereal Disease Laboratory test
Test to screen for syphilis
61
Cevicography
Photographic procedure to image entire cervix to produce a slide called a cervigram Used to detect cancer
62
Hysterosalpingography
X-ray procedure using contrast medium to image uterus and fallopian tubes
63
Mammography
Imaging technique for early detection of breast cancer
64
Pelvimetry
Measurement of birth canal
65
Colposcopy
Endoscopic procedure used for cervical/vaginal biopsy
66
Culdoscopy
Endoscopic procedure used for biopsy of Douglas cul-de-sac
67
Hysteroscopy
Endoscopic procedure used for myomectomy (fibroid removal) or polypectomy
68
Culdocentesis
Removal of fluid and cells from the rectouterine pouch to detect dysplasia
69
Hormone levels
Lab measurements of the presence and amounts of certain hormones
70
Pap smear
Exfoliative cytology procedure for detection of vaginal and cervical cancer
71
Alpha fetoprotein test
maternal serum (blood) test between 14 -19 weeks of gestation, may indicate a variety of conditions
72
Amniocentesis
Removal and anaylsis of amniotic fluid sample to diagnose fetal abnormalities
73
Chorionic villus sampling
Removal of a small piece of the outer covering of the fetus to test for chromosomal abnormalities
74
Contraction stress test
Test to predict fetal outcome and risk of intrauterine asphyxia by measuring fetal heart rate
75
Nonstress test
Stimulation of the fetus to monitor for a normal expected acceleration of the fetal heart rate
76
Pregnancy test
test to confirm pregnancy
77
Apgar score
Rates the physical health of the infant with set criteria 1 and 5 minutes after birth
78
Congenital hypothyroidism
deficient thyroid hormones
79
Phenylketonuria
Test for deficiency of enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. Failure to treat leads to damage and retardation
80
Amsler grid
Test to assess central vision and assist in diagnosis of macular degeneration
81
Diopters
Level of measurement that quantifies refraction errors
82
Fluorecein angiography
Confirms retinal disease by injection of fluorescein dye into eye and use of camera to record retinal vessels
83
Fluorecein staining
Use of dye dropped into eye that allows differential staining of abnormalities of cornea
84
Gonioscopy
Visualization of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye
85
Ophthalmic ultrasonography
Images inside of eye when opacities prevent other imaging means
86
Ophthalmoscopy
Visual examination of inside of eye
87
Schirmer tear test
determines amount of tear production
88
slit lamp examination
examines various layer of the eye
89
tonometry
measurement of intraocular pressure
90
visual acuity assessment
test of clearness or sharpness of vision
91
visual field test
test to determine area of physical space visible to an individual

Mastering Healthcare Terminology 2E (34 decks)

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