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MED TERM > Skeletal & Muscular Systems (Chapter 5) > Flashcards

Skeletal & Muscular Systems (Chapter 5) Flashcards

1
Q

pain in a joint

A

arthralgia

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2
Q

inability to coordinate muscles while executing a voluntary movement

A

ataxia

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3
Q

lacking development, or wasting

A

atrophy

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4
Q

abnormally slow movement

A

bradykinesia

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5
Q

difficulty in movement

A

dyskinesia

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6
Q

deformities that arise during development

A

dystrophy

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7
Q

excessive development

A

hypertrophy

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8
Q

muscle tenderness or pain

A

myalgia

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9
Q

state of rigidity of muscle during which the muscle is unable to contract

A

rigor

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10
Q

abnormal, sudden, involuntary muscle contraction (tonic spasm), or series of alternating muscle contractions & relaxations (clonic spasm)

A

spasm

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11
Q

pain in a tendon

A

tenodynia

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12
Q

involuntary shaking of limbs

A

tremor

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13
Q

abnormal, slow growth of long bones resulting in unusually short, stocky limbs

A

achondroplasia

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14
Q

abnormal condition of joint stiffness

A

ankylosis

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15
Q

inflammation & degeneration of a joint

A

arthritis

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16
Q

inflammation of cartilages w/in joints

A

arthrochondritis

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17
Q

abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the big toe

A

bunion

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18
Q

inflammation of a bursa

A

bursitis

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19
Q

calcium deposit (or stone) w/in a bursa

A

bursolith

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20
Q

CTS: repetitive stress injury in which the median nerve of the wrist generates pain impulses due to inflammation of the synovial sheath

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

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21
Q

drooping of the wrist AKA wrist drop

A

carpoptosis

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22
Q

deterioration or softening of cartilage

A

chondromalacia

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23
Q

prolonged, involuntary muscular contractions

A

cramps

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24
Q

fissure of the skull present at birth

A

cranioschisis

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25
Q

inflammation of an intervertebral disk

A

diskitis

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26
Q

DMD: congenital condition that results in progressive muscular weakness & deterioration

A

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

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27
Q

inflammation of cartilages of the elbow

A

epicondylitis

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28
Q

break in a bone

A

fracture

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29
Q

abnormal deposition of uric acid crystals in the joints causing localized pain

A

gout

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30
Q

rupture of an intervertebral disk resulting in protrusion of tissue against spinal nerves or spinal cord, generating pain

A

herniated disk

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31
Q

deformity of the spine characterized by the presence of a hump AKA humpback

A

kyphosis

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32
Q

inflammation of lateral tendon of the elbow AKA tennis elbow

A

lateral epicondylitis

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33
Q

deformity of the spine characterized by an anterior curve of the lumbar area AKA swayback

A

lordosis

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34
Q

inherited condition resulting in excessive cartilage formation at growth plates, forming long arms & legs

A

Marfan’s syndrome

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35
Q

inflammation of maxilla

A

maxillitis

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36
Q

inflammation of meniscus

A

meniscitis

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37
Q

weakness in muscles

A

myasthenia gravis

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38
Q

tumor composed of bone marrow cells

A

myeloma

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39
Q

protrusion of muscle through it’s fascia

A

myocele

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40
Q

spasm or twitching of muscle or muscle group

A

myoclonus

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41
Q

inflammation of muscle tissue

A

myositis

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42
Q

inflammation of bone

A

osteitis

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43
Q

viral infection of bone that causes deformities of the skeleton & results from acceleration of bone loss AKA Paget’s disease

A

osteitis deformans

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44
Q

OA: form of arthritis characterized by an age-related deterioration of joints that is accompanied by erosion of cartilage & painful inflammation

A

osteoarthritis

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45
Q

inflammation of bone & associated cartilage

A

osteochondritis

46
Q

benign tumor of bone, where the tumor contains fibrous connective tissue that surrounds bone

A

osteofibroma

47
Q

inherited condition that results in impaired growth & fragile bones; leads to progressive skeletal deformation & frequent fractures

A

osteogenesis imperfecta

48
Q

gradual & painful softening of bones

A

osteomalacia

49
Q

painful bone infection caused by bacteria; characterized by inflammation of red bone marrow

A

osteomyelitis

50
Q

death of bone tissue

A

osteonecrosis

51
Q

excessive formation of dense bone, which crowds out marrow cavities & leads to cutting off the blood supply to bone AKA marble bone

A

osteopetrosis

52
Q

abnormal loss of bone density

A

osteoporosis

53
Q

primary cancer of bone

A

osteosarcoma

54
Q

paralysis of both legs & the lower part of the body

A

paraplegia

55
Q

partial motor paralysis

A

paresis

56
Q

inflammation of many muscles simultaneously

A

polymyositis

57
Q

paralysis of all 4 appendages

A

quadriplegia

58
Q

RA: form of arthritis characterized by progressive, gradual joint deterioration that is caused by an autoimmune response

A

rheumatoid arthritis

59
Q

abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

A

scoliosis

60
Q

SCI: trauma to the spinal cord, which often results in paralysis

A

spinal cord injury

61
Q

inflammation of intervertebral joints

A

spondylarthritis

62
Q

injury that results from stretching a ligament beyond its normal range, tearing its collagen fibers

A

sprain

63
Q

injury that results from stretching a muscle beyond its normal range, tearing muscle tissue

A

strain

64
Q

cancer of synovial membrane in a joint

A

synoviosarcoma

65
Q

inflammation of a tendon, such as in rotator cuff tendinitis AKA pitcher’s shoulder

A

tendinitis

66
Q

inflammation of a tendon and the synovial membrane that surrounds it

A

tenosynovitis

67
Q

surgical puncture of a joint to aspirate fluids from the synovial cavity

A

arthrocentesis

68
Q

breaking of an abnormally stiff joint during surgery to increase range of motion

A

arthroclasia

69
Q

surgical fixation (stabilization) of a joint

A

arthrodesis

70
Q

x-ray film of a joint after injection of air, contrast media, or both

A

arthrogram

71
Q

physician who specializes in the treatment of joint disease

A

arthrologist

72
Q

field of medicine concerned w/ the study & treatment of joint disease

A

arthrology

73
Q

surgical repair of a joint, which may involve total joint replacement

A

arthroplasty

74
Q

surgery of a joint using an arthroscope

A

arthroscopic surgery

75
Q

endoscopic visual examination of a joint cavity using a fiber-optic instrument (arthroscope)

A

arthroscopy

76
Q

surgical incision into a joint

A

arthrotomy

77
Q

surgical excision of a bursa

A

bursectomy

78
Q

surgical incision into a bursa

A

bursotomy

79
Q

field of therapy that mainly involves manipulation of the vertebral column

A

chiropractic

80
Q

specialist in chiropractic

A

chiropractor

81
Q

surgical excision of a joint cartilage

A

chondrectomy

82
Q

surgical repair of a joint cartilage

A

chondroplasty

83
Q

surgical excision of a rib

A

costectomy

84
Q

surgical repair of a defect in the cranium

A

cranioplasty

85
Q

surgical entry into the cranium

A

craniotomy

86
Q

surgical excision of an intervertebral disk

A

diskectomy

87
Q

EMG: diagnostic procedure that records the strength of muscle contraction

A

electromyography

88
Q

surgical incision into fascia

A

fasciotomy

89
Q

surgical excision of part of a vertebra known as the lamina, often part of treatment for a herniated disk

A

laminectomy

90
Q

surgical removal of a meniscus

A

meniscectomy

91
Q

surgical repair of muscle tissue

A

myoplasty

92
Q

closing a muscle w/ sutures

A

myorrhaphy

93
Q

medical field that manages musculoskeletal diseases

A

orthopedics

94
Q

physician who specializes in musculoskeletal diseases

A

orthopedist

95
Q

construction & fitting of orthopedic appliances, such as lifts, prosthetic devices, etc, to assist in patient movement

A

orthotics

96
Q

technician who specializes in orthotics

A

orthotist

97
Q

surgical excision of bone

A

ostectomy

98
Q

surgical breaking of a bone to correct a defect

A

osteoclasis

99
Q

technician who specializes in treatment of bone disease

A

osteologist

100
Q

field of medicine concerned w/ study & treatment of bone disease

A

osteology

101
Q

DO: physician trained in osteopathy

A

osteopath

102
Q

medical field that emphasizes the relationship between the musculoskeletal system & overall health, w/ emphasis on preventative medicine

A

osteopathy

103
Q

surgical repair of bone

A

osteoplasty

104
Q

physician trained in podiatry

A

podiatrist

105
Q

medical field that specializes in treating the foot

A

podiatry

106
Q

artificial substitute for a missing body part

A

prosthesis

107
Q

surgical incision into the vertebral column

A

rachiotomy

108
Q

surgical connection of adjacent vertebrae, usually as a treatment for a herniated disk AKA spondylosyndesis

A

spinal fusion

109
Q

surgical excision of a joint’s synovial membrane

A

synovectomy

110
Q

surgical repair of a muscle & its tendon

A

tenomyoplasty

111
Q

closing a tendon w/ sutures

A

tenorrhaphy

112
Q

incision into a tendon

A

tenotomy

MED TERM (12 decks)

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