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MED TERM > Nervous System & Mental Health (Chapter 6) > Flashcards

Nervous System & Mental Health (Chapter 6) Flashcards

1
Q

inability to speak

A

aphasia

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2
Q

headache; general pain to the head

A

cephalalgia

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3
Q

difficulty speaking

A

dysphasia

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4
Q

increased sensitivity to stimulation, such as touch or pain

A

hyperesthesia

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5
Q

pain in a nerve

A

neuralgia

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6
Q

vague condition of body fatigue often associated with depression

A

neurasthenia

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7
Q

abnormal sensation of numbness and tingling without an objective cause

A

paresthesia

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8
Q

loss of the ability to interpret sensory info

A

agnosia

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9
Q

deterioration of brain function characterized by confusion, short-term memory loss, & restlessness

A

Alzheimer’s disease (AD)

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10
Q

Lou Gehrig’s disease; progressive atrophy of muscle caused by hardening of nervous tissue on the lateral columns of the spinal cord

A

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

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11
Q

inflammation of the cerebellum

A

cerebellitis

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12
Q

type of cerebral vascular disease where a blood vessel that supplies the brain becomes dilated due to a weakening of its wall

A

cerebral aneurysm

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13
Q

type of cerebral vascular disease where a buildup of fatty plaque on the inside wall of a vessel that supplies the brain results in reduced blood flow

A

cerebral arteriosclerosis

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14
Q

presence of an embolism in a blood vessel that supplies the brain

A

cerebral embolism

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15
Q

disorder that affects muscle tone, movement and motor skills; it is usually caused by brain damage that occurs before or during a child’s birth or during the first few years of the child’s life

A

cerebral palsy (CP)

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16
Q

thrombosis within blood vessels that supply the brain

A

cerebral thrombosis

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17
Q

disruption of the blood supply to the brain resulting in functional losses or death; also called stroke

A

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

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18
Q

general disorder resulting from a change within one or more blood vessels that supply the brain

A

cerebrovascular disease

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19
Q

general term that describes several levels of decreased consciousness AKA deep sleep

A

coma

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20
Q

injury to the brain caused by a violent movement of the head; includes symptoms of vertigo and loss of consciousness

A

concussion

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21
Q

decline or impairment of mental function that is characterized by memory loss, disorientation, and confusion

A

dementia

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22
Q

inflammation of the dura mater

A

duritis

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23
Q

inflammation of the brain, usually caused by bacterial or viral infection

A

encephalitis

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24
Q

softening of brain tissue, usually caused by deficient blood flow

A

encephalomalacia

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25
Q

brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizures

A

epilepsy

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26
Q

inflammation of a ganglion

A

gangliitis

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27
Q

tumor of neuroglial cells

A

glioma

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28
Q

partial paralysis on one side of the body

A

hemiparesis

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29
Q

paralysis on one side of the body

A

hemiplegia

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30
Q

increased volume of CSF in the brain ventricles of a child before the cranial sutures have sealed, causing enlargement of the cranium

A

hydrocephalus

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31
Q

benign tumor of the meninges

A

meningioma

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32
Q

inflammation of the meninges, usually caused by bacterial or viral infection

A

meningitis

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33
Q

protrusion of the meninges through an opening caused by a defect in the skull or spinal column

A

meningocele

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34
Q

protrusion of the meninges and spinal cord through the spinal column

A

meningomyelocele

35
Q

partial paralysis of one limb

A

monoparesis

36
Q

paralysis of one limb

A

monoplegia

37
Q

deterioration of the myelin sheath covering axons within the brain, exhibited by episodes of localized functional losses

A

multiple sclerosis (MS)

38
Q

inflammation of the spinal cord

39
Q

sleep disorder characterized by sudden, uncontrollable attacks of sleep, attacks of paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations (dreams intruding on wakefulness)

A

narcolepsy

40
Q

inflammation of a nerve

41
Q

disease of the nervous system that results in pain within one or more joints

A

neuroarthropathy

42
Q

general term for any tumor that originates from nervous tissue

43
Q

emotional disorder that involves a counterproductive way of dealing with stress

44
Q

paralysis of localized areas; most common is Bell’s palsy in which facial muscles are paralyzed on one side of the head

45
Q

paralysis from the waist down

A

paraplegia

46
Q

chronic degenerative disease of the brain characterized by hand tremors, rigidity, expressionless face, and shuffling gait

A

Parkinson’s disease (PD)

47
Q

inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by one of several polioviruses that often leads to paralysis

A

poliomyelitis (polio)

48
Q

inflammation of many nerves at one time

A

polyneuritis

49
Q

any disease affecting the mind

A

psychopathy

50
Q

incapacitating mental disorder characterized by a gross distortion of emotions and an incapacity to recognize reality, relate to others, and cope with ordinary demands of daily life

51
Q

pertaining to both the mind and body; commonly used to describe a condition that results from mental stress

A

psychosomatic

52
Q

paralysis of all four limbs

A

quadriplegia/tetraplegia

53
Q

inflammation of the spinal nerve roots

A

radiculitis

54
Q

disease of spinal nerve roots

A

radiculopathy

55
Q

inflammation of the sciatic nerve, producing pain that extends from the low back, buttocks and down the back of the leg

56
Q

sudden, uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain resulting in convulsions; classified as grand mal (all muscle groups), petit mal (brief losses of consciousness w/out motor involvement), or partial (limited areas of the brain w/ ocal symptoms)

57
Q

viral infection of peripheral nerves that erupts as painful skin blisters along nerve tracts AKA herpes zoster

58
Q

fainting, usually caused by sudden loss of blood flow to brain

59
Q

TIA: brief episode of loss of blood flow to the brain that results in temporary neurologic impairment - often preceds a CVA

A

transient ischemic attack

60
Q

agent that relieves pain

61
Q

process or treatment that results in an absence of feeling or sensation

A

anesthesia

62
Q

x-ray photograph of the blood vessels in the brain following injection of contrast media

A

cerebral angiography

63
Q

CT/CAT scan: procedure involving use of a computer to interpret a series of images & construct from them a 3-D view of the brain

A

computed tomography

64
Q

surgical excision of part of the skull to approach the brain

A

craniectomy

65
Q

incision into the skull to approach the brain

A

craniotomy

66
Q

EchoEG: ultrasonography used to record brain structures

A

echoencephalography

67
Q

EEG: procedure that records electrical impulses of the brain

A

electroencephalography

68
Q

EP studies: group of diagnostic tests measures changes in brain waves in the presence of particular stimuli to determine brain function

A

evoked potential studies

69
Q

surgical excision of a ganglion AKA gangliectomy

A

ganglionectomy

70
Q

LP: aspiration of CSF from subarachnoid space in the lumbar region of the spinal cord

A

lumbar puncture

71
Q

MRI: use of magnets & computer imaging to identify structural details of soft tissues by producing 3-D images useful in targeting brain tumors, brain trauma, & MS

A

magnetic resonance imaging

72
Q

x-ray photograph of the spinal cord following injection of a contrast dye

73
Q

surgical excision of a nerve

A

neurectomy

74
Q

study & medical practice of the nervous system

75
Q

physician who specializes in disorders of the nervous system

A

neurologist

76
Q

separating a nerve by removing adhesions

A

neurolysis

77
Q

surgical repair of a nerve

A

neuroplasty

78
Q

suturing of a nerve

A

neurorrhaphy

79
Q

incision into a nerve

80
Q

PET scan: brain scan that provides a map of metabolic function w/in the brain that can be correlated to brain activity

A

positron emission tomography

81
Q

branch of medicine that addresses mental, emotional & behavioral disorders

A

psychiatry

82
Q

field of study of human behavior

A

psychology

83
Q

incision into a nerve root AKA rhizotomy

A

radicotomy

84
Q

diagnostic tests performed to observe the body’s response to various stimuli - including deep tendon reflexes & Babinski reflex

A

reflex testing

MED TERM (12 decks)

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