Skeletal Muscles-Attachments & Nerves and Blood Supply

Question 1

What is the position of skeletal muscles?

Answer 1

extends from one bone to another, crossing at least one moveable joint (some span two)

Question 2

What do the bones do during contraction?

Answer 2

one bone is moved while the other remains fixed

Question 3

less moveable

Answer 3

origin

Question 4

more moveable

Answer 4

insertion

Question 5

How do the insertion and origin move during contraction?

Answer 5

the insertion is pulled towards the origin

Question 6

Which is the more proximal attachment(usually)?

Answer 6

origin

Question 7

Which is the more distal attachment(usually)?

Answer 7

insertion

Question 8

Where do muscles attach?

Answer 8

origins and insertions of the bone

Question 9

How are the muscles attached?

Answer 9

with strong fibrous CT that extend into periosteum of bone

Question 10

Describe direct attachment

Answer 10

attaching strands are so short-muscle appears to be connected to bone

Question 11

Describe indirect attachment

Answer 11

connective tissue extends well beyond the end of muscle fibres

Question 12

Which type of attachment is more common?

Answer 12

indirect

Question 13

What does aponeurosis mean?

Answer 13

flattened out tendon
-thin sheath of CT that helps connect muscles to bones

Question 14

What are aponeuroses made of?

Answer 14

3 layers of CT

Question 15

Describe the connection of aponeuroses with the bone

Answer 15

-they penetrate the matrix of the bones to which they attach
-the bones have raised markings where the tendons meet the bone

Question 16

What are some examples of the bone markings where tendons meet bones?

Answer 16

tubercles, trochanters, crests

Question 17

What kind of nerve supply does each muscle receive?

Answer 17

one main nerve carrying motor and sensory innervation

Question 18

Where does the nerve supply enter the muscle?

Answer 18

-enters with the blood vessels (neurovascular bundle) at the extremity close to the origin

Question 19

Where do the individual nerve fibres reach individual muscle fibres?

Answer 19

mid-length (neuromuscular junction/synapse)

Question 20

Describe the blood supply for muscles

Answer 20

-rich blood supply (reflects high demand that contracting muscles have for O2 and nutrients)

Question 21

How many arteries and/or veins per muscle?

Answer 21

1 artery and 1 or 2 veins

Question 22

How does the blood supply reach individual fibres?

Answer 22

arteries/veins branch repeatedly into intramuscular tissue

Question 23

What is the blood supply like surrounding muscle fibres?

Answer 23

networks of capillaries