Skeletal Muscle Relaxants-9

Question 1

Biologic drug

Answer 1

A substance made from a living organism or its products used to prevent or treat disease

Question 2

Black box warning (boxed warning)

Answer 2

A warning that appears in the instructions for use surrounded by a thick black box to alert medical professionals to serious or life-threatening adverse effects associated with the drug usage

Question 3

Blepharospasm

Answer 3

Involuntary blinking or spasm of the eyelid

Question 4

Botulism

Answer 4

 A life-threatening illness caused by the bacteria clostridium botulinum

Question 5

Centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant

Answer 5

drug that inhibits the skeletal muscle contraction by blocking conduction within the spinal cord

Question 6

Depolarizing blocker

Answer 6

Produces paralysis by first causing nerve transmission, followed by inhibition of nerve transmission

Question 7

Dysphagia

Answer 7

Difficulty swallowing

Question 8

Dysphonia

Answer 8

Difficulty speaking due to a physical disorder with the mouth, tongue, throat, or vocal cords

Question 9

Dystonia

Answer 9

 A movement disorder in which muscles contract and spasm involuntarily

Question 10

Fasciculation

Answer 10

Twitchings of muscle fiber groups

Question 11

Hyperhidrosis

Answer 11

Condition of excessive sweating

Question 12

Hyperthermia

Answer 12

 abnormally high body temperature

Question 13

Incompatibility

Answer 13

undesirable interaction of drugs not suitable for combination or administration together

Question 14

Intrathecal

Answer 14

Space around the brain and spinal cord that contains the cerebrospinal fluid

Question 15

Malignant hyperthermia

Answer 15

 condition and susceptible individuals resulting in a life-threatening elevation in body temperature

Question 16

Mitochondria

Answer 16

Normal structures responsible for energy production in cells

Question 17

Myelin

Answer 17

The fatty substance that covers and protects nerves and allows efficient conduction of action potentials down the axon

Question 18

Myofilaments

Answer 18

Minute fibers located throughout the cytoplasm of cells, composed of the protein Acton, that maintain the structural integrity of the cell

Question 19

Neuromuscular junction NMJ

Answer 19

Area where the motor neuron axon terminals meets the muscle tissue

Question 20

Neurotoxin

Answer 20

A substance that is destructive to nerve tissue

Question 21

Nicotinic muscle receptor

Answer 21

Cholinergic receptor located at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle

Question 22

Nondepolarizing blocker

Answer 22

Produces paralysis by inhibiting nerve transmission

Question 23

Peripheral skeletal muscle relaxant

Answer 23

drug that inhibits muscle contraction at the neuromuscular junction or within the contractile process

Question 24

Potentiates

Answer 24

Produces an action that is greater than either of the components can produce alone; synergy

Question 25

Sarcolemma

Answer 25

A thin membrane enclosing a striated (skeletal) muscle fiber

Question 26

Sarcoplasm

Answer 26

The cytoplasm of a striated (skeletal) muscle fiber

Question 27

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 27

Specialized organelle in the muscle cell that releases calcium ions during muscle contraction and absorbs calcium ions during relaxation

Question 28

Schwann cell

Answer 28

 any cell that covers the axons in the peripheral nervous system and forms to myelin sheath

Question 29

Spasmolytics

Answer 29

Drugs that relieve, interrupt, or prevent muscle spasms (intermittent muscle contractions often associated with pain)

Question 30

Spread effect

Answer 30

Condition in which the intramuscularly injected substance moves out of the area of administration and produces an effect on other tissues

Question 31

Strabismus

Answer 31

Condition in which the eyes are not aligned in point in different directions, cross-eyed

Question 32

Synaptic cleft

Answer 32

Space (synapse)between a motor nerve ending in a skeletal muscle membrane that contains acetylcholine ACH receptors

Question 33

Synaptic knob

Answer 33

Contains vesicles the store and release neurotransmitters

Question 34

Synaptic vesicles

Answer 34

A small membrane-bound structure in the axon terminals of nerve cells that contains neurotransmitters and releases them when an action potential reaches the terminal

Question 35

Vagolytic action

Answer 35

Inhibition of the vagus nerve to the heart, causing the heart rate to increase (counteraction to vagal tone that causes bradycardia)

Question 36

Vasodilator

Answer 36

Substance that relaxes the muscles (sphincters) controlling blood vessels, leading to increased blood flow