Pharmacokinetics -2 Flashcards
Bioavailability
Percentage of the drug dosage that is absorbed
Drug absorption
Entrance of a drug into the bloodstream from its site of administration
Drug addiction
Condition of drug abuse and drug dependence that is characterized by compulsive drug behavior
Drug distribution
Passage of a drug from the blood to the tissues and organs of the body
Drug excretion
Elimination of the drug from the body
Drug metabolism
The enzymatic biotransformation of a drug into metabolites
Drug microsomal metabolizing system DMMS
Group of enzymes located primarily in the liver that function to metabolize (biotransformation) drugs
Drug tolerance
Decrease drug affect occurring after repeated drug administration
Enzyme induction
Increase in the amount of drug metabolizing enzymes after repeated administration of certain drugs
Enzyme inhibition
Inhibition of drug metabolizing enzymes by certain drugs
First pass metabolism
Drug metabolism that occurs in the intestines and liver during oral absorption of drugs into the systemic circulation
Half life
Time required for the body to reduce the amount of drug in the plasma by 1/2
Individual variation
Difference in the effects of drugs and drug dosages from one person to another
Intramuscular (IM) injection
Route of drug administration; drug is injected into gluteal or deltoid muscles
Intravenous IV injection
Route of drug administration; drug is injected directly into a vein
Loading dose
Initial drug dose administered to rapidly achieve therapeutic drug concentrations
Maintenance dose
Those administered to maintain drug levels in blood in the therapeutic range
Oral administration
Route of drug in ministration by way of the mouth through swallowing
Paraenteral administration
Route of drug administration that does not involve the gastrointestinal G.I. tract
Pharmacokinetics
Describe the processes of drug absorption drug distribution drug metabolism and drug excretion
