sipcep

Question 1

what are the 9 SICPs?

Answer 1

• Patient placement, safe disposal of waste, safe handling of uniform, cleanliness of environment , cleanliness of care, prevention of exposure to BBV , management of bodily fluid spillages, PPE, hand hygiene
• (Patient placement wastes uniform environment & equipment. But blood borne blood spillages exposes PPE & hand hygiene)

Question 2

what are the 6 links in the chain of infection?

Answer 2

infectious agent
reservoir
portal of exit
mode of transmission
portal of entry
susceptible host

Question 3

what are the 7 modes of transmission?

Answer 3

direct
indirect
inhalation
ingestion
inoculation
intercourse
mother to infant

Question 4

what are the 5 moments for hand hygiene?

Answer 4

before touching a patient
before a clean/aseptic procedure
after bodily fluid exposure risk
after touching the patient
after touching patient surroundings

Question 5

“Washing with an alcohol based gel when hands are not visibly soiled” – is this an example of social or hygienic hand hygiene?

Answer 5

Social hand hygiene.

Question 6

what is hygienic hand hygiene?

Answer 6

Hygienic hand hygiene consists of washing with an antimicrobial scrub, or washing with hot water and soap and then an alcohol based gel

Question 7

When is it not appropriate to use an alcohol based gel to wash your hand

Answer 7

when hands are visibly soiled
C. Difficile
if the patient has a GI infection

Question 8

What does this symbol mean? “2”

Answer 8

item is single use/disposable

Question 9

1/3, 1/30, 1/300. What blood borne virus do each of these belong to, as a risk of infection after sharps injury?

Answer 9

1/3 – hep B. 1/30 – hep C. 1/300 – HIV

Question 10

Sharps containers should be disposed of when ¼, ½, or ¾ full? What happens to sharps after they are taken away? Where should sharps boxes be placed?

Answer 10

3/4 full
* They are taken for incineration.
* They should be placed out of the reach of children, and close enough to operator for easy reach when disposing of sharps.

Question 11

What must you do in event of a sharps injury?

Answer 11

Stop what you’re doing.
Run the injury under warm water and squeeze the area to encourage bleeding. Wash thoroughly with soap and water but do not scrub. Cover site with waterproof dressing. Complete incident report form and report to occupational health.

Question 12

what are the three methods of decontamination?

Answer 12

Cleaning, disinfection, sterilisation

Question 13

what are the 4 categories of risk and an example of each? Which method of decontamination is needed for each?

Answer 13

Minimal risk: objects at a distance from patient and unlikely to cause any harm e.g. keyboard. Cleaning & drying

Low risk: objects in contact with intact skin e.g. dental chair. Cleaning & drying

Intermediate risk: objects in contact with intact mucus membranes e.g. impression trays- disinfection

High risk: objects contact mucus membranes, blood and body fluids e.g. extraction forceps. Sterilise

Question 14

How do you manage a blood spillage?

Answer 14

Wear PPE.
* Contain with paper towels.
* Assemble all equipment needed (spillage kit).
* Sprinkle chlorine releasing granules (sodium dichloro-iso-cyanurate & sodium hypochlorite) 10, 000ppm over spillage and leave for 5 minutes.
* Clear affected area with paper towels and dispose of as clinical waste.
* Wash area with water & detergent then dry.
* Make sure any sharps disposed of. Dispose of single use items.
* Perform hand hygiene.

Question 15

2 examples of chlorine releasing agents

Answer 15

sodium hypochlorite and sodium dichloro-iso-cyanurate 10,000ppm for 5 mins

Question 16

Provide 3 further examples of Standard Infection Control Precautions relevant to dentistry (not PPE or safe management of blood and body fluid spillages).

Answer 16

• Sterilization and disinfection of instruments
• Correct disposal of sharps
• Hand hygiene

Question 17

What concentration of chlorine is commonly used in the cleaning of a blood and body fluid spill?

Answer 17

10,000ppm

Question 18

For how long should the chlorine releasing agents be applied to the spill?

Answer 18

1-2 minutes

Question 19

In which stream of waste should the extracted tooth be placed?

Answer 19

red stream waste

Question 20

After applying the chlorine releasing agent, what would you use to clean the area affected by the spillage?

Answer 20

disposable paper towels

Question 21

After applying the chlorine releasing agent, what would you use to clean the area affected by the spillage?

Answer 21

detergent or disenfectant

Question 22

The safe use and disposal of sharps can prevent sharps and needlestick injuries. Provide 3 examples of good clinical practice in the use & location of sharps bins in a dental practice setting.

Answer 22

easy accessibility
secure placement
appropriate size

Question 23

When dealing with a blood spillage list the FOUR actions taken AFTER the gross contamination has been disposed of

Answer 23

disinfectant
leave it in place for sufficient time
wipe the area
dispose of cleaning materials

Question 24

list 6 links in chain of infection

Answer 24

infectious agent
reservoir
portal of exit
means of transmission
portal of entry
susceptible host

Question 25

How is the chain of infection commonly broken for transmission of blood borne viruses via contaminated dental forceps?

Answer 25

through the use of autoclaves or other appropriate sterilization methods.
use disposable ones
ppe and hand hygiene