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bds 2 > medications > Flashcards

medications Flashcards

1
Q

what are ACE Inhibitors?

A

RELAXES AND WIDENS blood vessels
prevents body from making angiotensin II that normally tenses them

e.g. lisinopril

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2
Q

what is Amoxycillin?

A

an antibiotic that treats UTIs/bacterial infections

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3
Q

what are Antacids?

A

neutralises stomach acidity and prevents heartburn
acid reflux

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4
Q

what is an Anti-Cholinergic?

A

bronchodilator
e.g. atropine

block section of acetylcholine nerve transmission in smooth muscle (causing relaxation)

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5
Q

what is an Anti-Diuretic hormone?

A

decreases urine production to increase levels of salt and water in the body

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6
Q

what is Aspirin?

A

NSAID analgesic
prevents platelets coagulation

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7
Q

what are Beta-Blockers?

A

drugs that prevent adrenaline acting on the heart = slows down heart rate = reduces blood pressure.

e.g. atenolol, bisoprolol

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8
Q

what are B2 Agonists? how do they work?

A

bronchodilators

work by acting directly on Beta 2 receptors causing smooth muscle contraction and dilation of airways

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9
Q

what do short acting B2 agonists do?

A

treat acute bronchial constriction
relaxes bronchial smooth muscle

blue inhaler
e.g. salbutamol

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10
Q

what do long acting beta 2 agonists do?

A

prevent constriction of bronchial walls
relaxes bronchial smooth muscle

green inhaler
e.g. salmeterol

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11
Q

what is Benzodiazepine an example of?

A

an anticonvulsant drug
used to treat epilepsy and other seizure disorders

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12
Q

what is an example of an insulin sensitiser drug that may be prescribed to those with T2 Diabetes?

A

biguanides e.g. metformin

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13
Q

what is the function of Calcium Channel Blockers?

A

antihypertensive drug
prevent calcium entering the cells of the heart and arteries which allows blood vessels to relax and widen

e.g. nifedipine, felodipine
can cause gingival hyperplasia

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14
Q

what is a negative oral side effect of calcium channel blockers?

A

gingival hyperplasia

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15
Q

what are Corticosteroids?

A

an anti-inflammatory medication

e.g. cortisone, hydrocortisone and prednisone.
useful in treating rashes, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma

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16
Q

what is Prednisolone?

A

Corticosteroid medication that can be prescribed for chronic asthma

17
Q

what are COX inhibitors?

A

NSAIDs
target enzymes responsible for inflammation and pain
e.g. ibuprofen, naproxen

18
Q

what type of drug is Apixaban or Dabigatran?

A

anticoagulant drugs

19
Q

what is Digoxin?

A

cardiac stimulator drug

used in treatment for heart failure, atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter

20
Q

what are the function of Diuretics?

A

increase urine production to decrease water and salt levels in the body
- also decrease blood pressure due to reduced blood volume

e.g. furesimide

21
Q

what is Fluconazole?

A

an oral antifungal medication that treats candida

22
Q

what is GTN spray?

A

Glycerol Trinitrate spray is a short acting nitrate spray that is used to treat angina

vasodilator = relaxes vascular smooth muscle

23
Q

what do H2 receptor blockers do?

A

reduce acid secretion

24
Q

what type of drug is Nifidepine?

A

calcium channel blocker

25
Q

what is Omeprazole?

A

a proton pump inhibitor that reduces the amount of acid that the stomach makes

26
Q

what are proton pump inhibitors?

A

Medications that reduce acid secretion by blocking action of proton pumps
proton pumps are enzymes in the stomach lining that aid in acid secretion

27
Q

what is Salbutamol? how does it work?

A

short acting B2 Agonist
relaxes the smooth muscles of airways
blue inhaler

28
Q

what are some side effects of Salbutamol inhalers?

A

dry mouth (xerostomia)
irritated throat

29
Q

what is Salmeterol?

A

long acting B2 Agonist
green inhaler

  • prevents onset of asthma symptoms
  • maintenance of COPD
30
Q

what is Fluticasone?

A

a steroid inhaler
brown inhaler
used to prevent symptoms of asthma and COPD

31
Q

what are some oral side effects of steroid inhalers?

A

oral candidiasis/thrush
dry mouth

32
Q

what is Simvastatin?

A

statin
decreases elevated lipid levels and cholesterol to avoid atherosclerosis

33
Q

what is thyroxine used for?

A

used to treat hypothyroidism

34
Q

what is Warfarin?

A

Anti-coagulant drug
need INR 2-4

bds 2 (38 decks)

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