Sin Etc Flashcards
What is sin?
transgression of the divine law (Ambrose) OR any word, deed, desire contrary to God’s eternal law (Augustine)
How do we know eternal law?
natural reason or additional revelation
Sin in general?
deflection of right reason or morally bad human act
What does sin require to be formal?
advertence of the intellect and consent of the will
Is every sin an offence against God?
yes
What is original sin?
privation of original justice inherited at birth
What is personal sin?
offence against God committed by the deliberate will of the individual
What are divisions of Personal Sin?
actual (transitory/omission) or habitual (permanent habit)
What are kinds of Actual Sin?
commission, omission, thought, word, or deed, ignorance, weakness, malice, against Holy Ghost, capital sins, Formal, mortal
What are sins of comission?
contrary to a negavitve precept e.g. theft (do something not supposed to do)
What are sins of omission?
transgressions of a positive precept e.g. missing Mass (neglect something you are to do)
What are sins of thought, word, deed?
either committed by mind alone, or by mouth or action
What sins of ignorance?
proceed from lack of knowledge
What sins of weakness?
result of passion which the acts less voluntary
What are sins of malice?
proceed from an evil will (w/o ignorance or passion)
What are sins against the Holy Ghost?
committed by the deliberate contempt of some grace withdrawing man from sin
What are the usual sins against the Holy Ghost?
presumption, despair, resisting the known truth of Christianity, envy of the grace possessed by one’s neighbor, obstinancy, impenitence
What are sins crying to heaven for Vengenace?
murder, sodomy, oppression of orphans and widows and defrauding workers of their just wage
Why are sins crying to heaven for Vengenace called so?
grievous injury done to social order
What are the capital sins?
pride, envy, covetousness, anger, lust, gluttony, sloth (PLACESG)
What is difference between vainglory and pride?
vainglory is external manifestation of pride
What does STA say is the greatest sin?
covetousness
Why are the capital sins called this?
roots from which other sins spring
What is formal sin?
voluntary (imputable) and free transgression of the divine law
What is material sin?
involuntary transgression of the divine law (vincible ignorance or violence which destroys voluntary consent)
What are material sins against?
objective law and subjective conscience
Something which lacks voluntariness, what type of sin?
material
What is mortal sin?
destroys sanctifying grace and causes the death of the soul
What is venial sin?
offence against God which merely lessens the fervour of charity
What are carnal or spiritual sins?
gluttony, lust
what are inordinate spiritual sins?
pride, vaingglory
What are sins against God?
violate divine law (blasphemy, heresy)
What are sins against neigbor?
suicide, drunkness, theft, calumny
How are all sins bad?
because they are against God
What are theological sins against?
neigbor,self, God
How many ways of commiting sin of another (accessory)?
Nine
What sins are foriveable?
ones which we will not allow God to forgive
What is the nature of mortal sin?
aversion from God, adherence to creatures which is seriously inordinate, grave injury to the rational nature of man and the social order
What are three conditions must be verified for mortal sin?
grave matter, full advertence, full consent
How is grave matter determined?
object and circumstances of act
What is full advertence?
attention
If full advertence is defective?
then venial sin or no sin
When is full consent presumed?
full advertence and no external violence: fear and passion, diminish but not destroy (unless no full advertence)
When are advertence and consent imperfect?
drunkeness, half-asleep, half-drunk, surge of passion, phobia, mania
What is the essence of venial sin?
certain disorder, not complete aversion to man’s last end
What sins are “of their nature” venial?
e.g. jocial lie
why are sins of “of their nature” venial?
moral object implies a slight disorder
How is a sin venial “because of parvity of matter”?
sins in themselves are grave but because of slight matter become slight disorder
How are sins venial “through imperfection in the act?”
lack of full advertence or consent (semi-deliberate impure thoughts)
How does venial sin become mortal?
erronius conscience, maliscious intent through accumulation of matter
How do we distinguish mortal from venial?
HS, Church, Doctors (teachers)
What are theological species?
mortal or venial
What are distinguishing species of sins?
moral object, virtue, precept
