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OAT Kaplan Physics > Simple Harmonic Motion + Waves > Flashcards

Simple Harmonic Motion + Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

Harmonic motion shows

A

Repetitive movement

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2
Q

What is the Period (T)?

A

Time it takes for the particle to complete 1 revolution

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3
Q

What is the frequency (f)?

A

The number of cycles the particle makes in a given time period

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4
Q

What are the units of frequency?

A

s-1 or Hz

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5
Q

How can frequency become angular frequency (w)?

A

Multiply frequency by 2π

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6
Q

What is the equation for frequency (f)?

A

1 / T

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7
Q

What happens to a particle’s path if it is projected onto a line adjacent to circle?

A

The particle position oscillates between +x and -x

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8
Q

How does an object oscillate in simple harmonic motion?

A

It oscillates back and forth from the equilibrium point with angular frequency

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9
Q

What kind of force is an object subject to in simple harmonic motion?

A

Linear restoring force

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10
Q

What happens during Linear restoring force?

A
  • Object always directed back towards equilibrium

- Mag is perpendicular to the displacement

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11
Q

How is the acceleration in simple harmonic motion?

A

a = -w^2 • x

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12
Q

k is the spring constant which measures the

A

Stiffness of a spring

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13
Q

The larger the k, the

A

Stronger the spring

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14
Q

In a pendulum, the spring constant k can equal to

A

mg / L

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15
Q

For pendulums, the angular frequency (w) is related to

A

g and the L of pendulum

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16
Q

For pendulums, the angular frequency (w) is not affected by

A
  • Mass of pendulum

- Angle of displacement

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17
Q

What is the equation of particle displacement of a spring / pendulum?

A

x = A • sin(w•t)

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18
Q

How is the energy in spring / pendulum?

A

E = K + U

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19
Q

What is the PE (U) in springs / pendulum?

A

U / PE = 1/2kx^2

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20
Q

When the mass is at eq in springs, the PE is

A

0

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21
Q

When the mass is at eq in springs, the KE is

A

At Max

22
Q

How is velocity when oscillation at max?

A

V = 0

23
Q

How is KE when oscillation at max?

A

KE = 0

24
Q

How is max PE when oscillation at max?

A

PE = 1/2kA^2

25
Q

How is the period (T) in springs?

A

T = 2π • √m/K

26
Q

What is angular frequency (w) in springs?

A

w = √k/m

27
Q

KE is at its maximum in a spring when

A

x = 0

28
Q

How is the PE (U) in springs?

A

1/2kx^2

29
Q

What is k in a pendulum?

A

k = mg / L

30
Q

How is the period (T) in pendulum?

A

T = 2π • √L/q

31
Q

How is the PE (U) in a pendulum?

A

U = mgh

32
Q

What is angular frequency (w) in pendulum?

A

w = √g/L

33
Q

What are transverse waves?

A

Waves in which particles oscillate perpendicular to wave motion

34
Q

What are longitudinal waves?

A

Particles oscillate in the direction of wave motion

35
Q

What is the equation of the displacement (y) along the wave’s motion?

A

y = A • sin(kx-wt)

36
Q

The wavelength is the distance from

A

1 crest to another

37
Q

What is the speed of a wave (v)?

A 
v = f • wavelength
v = wavelength / T
38
Q

What is the equation of the wave number (k)?

A

k = 2π / wavelength

39
Q

Phase difference is displayed by

A

Two similar waves

40
Q

Phase difference describes how

A

Aligned 2 waves are with one another

41
Q

Phase difference is usually expressed in

A

Angles

42
Q

What does the principle of superposition state?

A

When waves interact with one another, the result is the sum of waves

43
Q

What happens when waves add in phase?

A

Their amplitudes add together, allowing for constructive interference

44
Q

What happens when waves add out of phase?

A

There is around an 180º difference, resulting in destructive difference

45
Q

A traveling wave consists of a

A

Strong fixed at one end

46
Q

How does the wave propagate in a traveling wave?

A

It goes down a string

47
Q

What does a traveling wave do at a boundary?

A

Reflect and invert

48
Q

What is the relationship between the waves in a traveling wave?

A

The original and reflected wave interfere with one another

49
Q

A standing wave is one in which

A

Both ends of the string are fixed

50
Q

Antinodes are

A

Points in between nodes

51
Q

Nodes are

A

Points of wave that remain at stress

OAT Kaplan Physics (16 decks)

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