Simple description of cell organelles

Question 1

Nucleolus

Answer 1

Site for ribosome subunit assembly

Question 2

Chromatin

Answer 2

A complex of DNA and protein

Question 3

Nuclear Envelope

Answer 3

Double membrane that encloses the nucleus

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Area where most of the genetic material is organized and expressed. Protects, organizes, replicates, and expresses genetic material.

Question 5

Nuclear Pore

Answer 5

Passageway for molecules into and out of the nucleus

Question 6

Rough ER

Answer 6

Site of protein sorting and secretion. Studded with ribosomes.

Question 7

Smooth ER

Answer 7

Site of detoxification and lipid synthesis. In both animal and plant cells, the main function is to make cellular products like hormones and lipids.

Question 8

Ribosome

Answer 8

Site of polypeptide synthesis

Question 9

Golgi apparatus

Answer 9

Site of modification, sorting, and secretion of lipids and proteins. Golgi apparatus provides vesicles.

Question 10

Peroxisome

Answer 10

Site where Hydrogen Peroxide and other harmful molecules are broken down

Question 11

Lysosome

Answer 11

Site where macromolecules are degraded. Engulf bacteria and exocytose vesicles outside of the cell.

Question 12

Mitochondria

Answer 12

Site of ATP synthesis

Question 13

Centrosome

Answer 13

Site where microtubules grow and centrioles are found

Question 14

Cytoskeleton

Answer 14

Protein filaments that provide shape and aid in movement

Question 15

Plasma Membrane

Answer 15

Membrane that controls movement of substances into and out of cell; site of cell signaling and cell adhesion

Question 16

Cytosol

Answer 16

Site of many metabolic pathways. Just the liquid in the cell.

Question 17

Chloroplast (plant cells only)

Answer 17

Site of photosynthesis

Question 18

Central vacuole (plant cells only)

Answer 18

Site that provides storage; regulation of cell volume

Question 19

Cell wall (plant cells only)

Answer 19

Structure that provides cell support