Sideroblastic anemia and Hemachromatosis (Exam 2) Flashcards
What are the 4 causes of sideropenic anemia?
low iron intake | poor absorption | increased need for iron | excessive iron loss
What is sideroachrestic anemia?
have iron but can’t use it
What are the 2 ways to have sideroblastic anemia?
genetics | acquired
What are 4 ways one can acquire sideroblastic anemia?
rheumatoid arthritis | drugs | cancer | alcohol
What is the mechanism of disease of sideroblastic anemia?
dysfunctional heme synthesis | has iron available but cannot incorporated it into Hb due to defect in protoporphyrin synthesis
What are the findings of sideroblastic anemia?
serum iron (high) | ferritin levels (high) | transferrin saturation (high)
What is a defining characteristic of sideroblastic anemia?
ringed sideroblasts around nucleus
What are the findings of sideroblastic anemia due to?
iron can’t be used since there isn’t enough functioning protoporphyrin that will bind to available iron = left over iron
What are ringed sideroblasts?
produced by BM in lieu of normal RBCs in sideroblastic anemia because no protoporphyria »_space;> accumulation of iron granules in a ring form
What is the size of the RBCs of sideroblastic anemia?
small due to not enough heme = reduced number of hemoglobinization
What is the treatment for sideroblastic anemia?
blood transfusion | BM transplantation for severe cases
What other disease does sideroblastic anemia can develop into? How?
too much iron in sideroblastic anemia can lead to hemochromatosis
What is the mechanism of disease of hemochromatosis?
excessive iron intake »_space;> iron stored as ferritin = deposited into cells and organs (bc its insoluble) = abnormal functioning of organs
What is an early presentation of hemochromatosis and why?
diabetes | due to ferritin iron deposited in the pancreas = destroys cells that make insulin = diabetes
What are the 3 types of hemochromatosis? Which is the most severe?
primary | hereditary (severe) | idiopathic
