Lymphocytes (Exam 1)

Question 1

What does HIV/AIDS induce?

Answer 1

lymphopenia (decrease number of lymphocytes)

Question 2

What are the different sizes of lymphocytes?

Answer 2

small, medium, large compared to RBCs

Question 3

How long do lymphocytes survive for?

Answer 3

years

Question 4

What progenitor cell do lymphocytes come from?

Answer 4

common lymphoid progenitor cell

Question 5

What does an elevated number of or atypical-look of lymphocytes indicate?

Answer 5

current viral infection

Question 6

What is lymphocytosis?

Answer 6

increase number of lymphocytes commonly due to viral infection

Question 7

What are characteristics of lymphocytes?

Answer 7

very large round nucleus

Question 8

What are the 3 differential diagnoses for lymphocytosis? Which one is most common?

Answer 8

acute viral infection (common) | chronic infections | hematopoietic disorders

Question 9

What are the 4 acute viral infections associated with lymphocytosis?

Answer 9

infectious mononucleosis (IM) | mumps | chicken pox | viral hepatitis

Question 10

What is Infectious Mononucleosis?

Answer 10

due to virus stimulates normal lymphocyte to proliferate and end up atypical but they don’t all look the same

Question 11

What are the 3 chronic infections associated with lymphocytosis? What are chronic infections usually due to?

Answer 11

usually due to bacterial – | syphilis | tuberculosis | brucellosis (working with cows)

Question 12

What are the 2 hematopoietic disorders associated with lymphocytosis?

Answer 12

Lymphocytic Leukemia | Lymphomas

Question 13

What is Lymphocytic Leukemia?

Answer 13

all lymphocytes look the same | major difference against infectious mononucleosis (IM)

Question 14

What is Lymphoma?

Answer 14

malignancy (tumor/cancer) in the lymph nodes

Question 15

What is lymphocyte proliferation at the expense of?

Answer 15

production of neutrophils, RBCs, and platelets

Question 16

What are the 3 differential diagnoses for lymphopenia?

Answer 16

SLE | stress | AIDS

Question 17

What is SLE (lupus)?

Answer 17

autoimmune disease produces anti-lymphocyte and anti-RBC antibodies | Ab binds to lymphocytes &raquo_space;> causes lysis of lymphocytes

Question 18

How can stress induce lymphopenia?

Answer 18

suppresses production of lymphocytes = less of it = more prone to infection

Question 19

How can AIDS induce lymphopenia?

Answer 19

HIV affects lymphocytes &raquo_space;> kills lymphocytes &raquo_space;> decreases lymphocyte count

Question 20

What are the 3 types of lymphocytes?

Answer 20

T-cells | B-cells | null (NK cells)

Question 21

What are the 2 types of T-cells?

Answer 21

T-helper cells (T4) | Cytotoxic T-cells (CTLs) (T8)

Question 22

What are the 3 function(s) of T-cells?

Answer 22

graft rejection | immunity against all microorganisms | defense against cancers

Question 23

What % of lymphocytes are T-cells?

Answer 23

80%

Question 24

What % of lymphocytes are B-cells?

Answer 24

15%

Question 25

What % of lymphocytes are Null-cells (NK cells)?

Answer 25

< %5

Question 26

What do B-cells produce?

Answer 26

antibodies

Question 27

What are the functions of NK cells (null cells)?

Answer 27

provide defense against cancers | attacks virally infected cells