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IWS - Unit 2 > Sicilia > Flashcards

Sicilia Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of the largest active volcano on Sicily?

A

Etna

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2
Q

What is the name of the traditional training system of the greeks?

A

Alberello (bush)

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3
Q

What are the three divisions of Sicily based upon the Arabs

A

Val di Mazara - Western
Val di Noto - Southeast
Val Demone - Northeast

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4
Q

What caused the massive emigration to North and South America in the 20th century?

A

The economic crisis of phylloxera decimating the vinyards of sicily in the end of the 19th century, leading to emigration in the 20th century.

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5
Q

What was the type of wine produced prior to the 1970s?

A

Marsala and bulk wine productions

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6
Q

What was the key transition from bulk wine to quality wine production?

A

Istituto Regionale della Vite e del Vino (regional institute of Vine and WIne). The research contributed greatly to re-planting the right grape varieties in the right places.

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7
Q

What are the three sides of sicily?

A

Tyrrhenian sea to the north. Ionian sea to the east. Sicilian channel to the south / west.

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8
Q

What are the three most significant rivers in Sicily?

A

Salso, Simeto and Belice.

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9
Q

What is the climate of Sicily?

A

Typically mediterranean. Maritime is limited in inland areas. Very high average temperatures.

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10
Q

What is the African Sirocco wind?

A

The wind that blows from southeast.

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11
Q

What is rain like in sicily?

A

Very arid. Only rain when you are up in elevation.

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12
Q

What are the soils like in sicily?

A

Diverse.
Limestone and calcareous-clay in western / southeast
Metamorphic / igneous rocks in northeastern corner
Marine-clay in upper belice river valley
Clay/sandstone/marl in northwest.
Lava and ash around Etna.

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13
Q

Is sicily focused on native grapes or international?

A

Mostly 80% is native.

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14
Q

Old and new systems of vine training?

A

Alberello (old)
Cordone Speronanto / Guyot (new dominant)

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15
Q

What area has the largest area under vine?

A

Sicily.

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16
Q

DOC/G breakdown in Sicilia?

A

23 DOC
1 DOCG

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17
Q

What is the vino perpetuo?

A

the wines of Marsala that were made with a version of the solera system.

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18
Q

Who was instrumental in spreading Marsala wine?

A

John Woodhouse

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19
Q

What is special about the Marsala region as it relates to the DOC system?

A

delineated and protected before the DOC system was established.

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20
Q

What winegrowing region dominates most of the entire western corner of Sicily?

A

Marsala DOC

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21
Q

What are the four main grapes of Marsala?

A

Grillio, Catarratto, Inzolia, and Damaschino

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22
Q

Can red grapes be used for classic Marsala production?

A

No. White

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23
Q

What does Grillo add to Marsala?

A

Most important grape. Texture and aroma. Best versions based upon Grillo.

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24
Q

What does Catarratto add to Marsala?

A

Traditional. Higher yields. Lower in alcohol versus Grillo. Tends to oxidize.

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25
Q

What does Inzolia add to Marsala?

A

Used before plantings were ravaged by odium. Adds perfume

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26
Q

What does Damaschino add to Marsala?

A

Very minor role. Least used white grape. High yields.

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27
Q

What is Marsala Vergine?

A

Marsala from white grapes only.
Fortified by adding grape spirit or EtOH. No other additions.
Matured in Cherry / Oak
min 5 years age
< 4pct sugar, > 18% alcohol
Can be reserva
Solera
Smallest. Most complex style.

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28
Q

What is Marsala Superiore?

A

Marsala Conciato
Matured in wood barrels for 2 years
> 18 abv
4 years for riserva
20% total production
Very fine examples as superiore

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29
Q

What is Marsala Fine?

A

Marsala Conciato
Min 1 year ageing
intended for cooking.
80% of marsala.

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30
Q

What is Concia?

A

Process of adding grape spirit / EtOH, cooked grape must (mosto cotto), and Sifone (fortified grape must) and concentrated grape must (mosto concentrato) . Mixing defined by discipliniarie.

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31
Q

grillo is the result of a natural crossing of:

A

(catarratto bianco x zibibbo)

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32
Q

which of the following grapes cannot be used to make marsala?
(Catarratto, grillo, ansonica, carricante)

A

Carricante

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33
Q

What is contrada?

A

a small geographic subregion

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34
Q

Which grape has its home in Eloro?

A

nero d’avola

35
Q

Between Marsala Vergine and Marsala Fine, which one cannot have any additions after fortification?

A

Marsala Vergine

36
Q

Cerasuolo di Vittoria is based upon what two grapes?

A

Frappato and Nero D’avola

37
Q

Why are the grapes in Pantelleria trained low to the ground / alberello?

A

Conserve moisture and to protect vines from the wind.

38
Q

T/F: Marsala Vergine is made from only white grapes?

A

True

39
Q

T/F: Cooked grape must is required to be added to marsala vergine?

A

False

40
Q

T/F: Marsala Vergine must spend at least five years in wood

A

true

41
Q

T/F: Marsala vergine is the most authentic style of marsala

A

true

42
Q

T/F: Pantelleria Island is closer to africa than it is to sicilia

A

True

43
Q

T/F: Pantelleria Island has two viable agriculture crops: capers and grapes

A

True

44
Q

T/F: Pantelleria Island is sheltered from ocean wind currents by coastal mountains

A

False

45
Q

T/F: Pantelleria Island is covered in dark green volcanic rocks

A

True

46
Q

What was John Woodhouse’s contribution to Sicilia’s wine industry?

A

He developed the modern style of marsala and created a market for it in the united kingdom

47
Q

Which grape of Sicily is not native to sicily?

A

Zibibbo (muscat of alexandria)

48
Q

What are the principle red/white grapes of Etna?

A

Nerello Mascalese and Carricante

49
Q

The Contea di Sclafani DOC is known for

A

Nero d’avola, perricone, and catarratto

50
Q

Marsala’s Vinyards are described how?= with relation to topography?

A

they lie on flat costal areas and low inland hills

51
Q

What was Sicilia’s first DOCG?

A

Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG

52
Q

Is Sicilia predominantly planted to red or white grapes?

A

White

53
Q

Carricante historical home is Mount Etna. True or false?

A

TRUE

54
Q

Name Italy’s most famous fortified wine, produced in Sicilia

A

Marsala

55
Q

Name Europe’s largest and most active volcano, found in Sicilia

A

Mount Etna

56
Q

Sicilia is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. True or false?

A

True

57
Q

Name the body of water that separates Sicilia from Calabria

A

The Strait of Messina

58
Q

Sicilia’s Ansonica grape is better known by what name?

A

Inzolia

59
Q

What is Sicilia’s capital city?

A

Palermo

60
Q

Etna Rosso DOC can contain up to 20% Nero d’Avola. True or false?

A

False

61
Q

Carricante can be used in the production of Marsala. True or false?

A

False

62
Q

Cataratto Bianco Lucido is a biotype of Catarratto Bianco. True or False?

A

True

63
Q

Sicilia’s Malvasia di Lipari is genetically distinct from Malvasia di Sardegna. True or false?

A

False

64
Q

The majority of Sicilia’s vineyards use the alberello training system. True or false?

A

False

65
Q

Grillo is considered the most important Marsala grape from a quality standpoint. True or false?

A

TRUE

66
Q

Name Sicilia’s most widely planted grape variety

A

Cataratto Bianco

67
Q

What is Sicilia most widely planted international red grape?

A

Syrah

68
Q

Name Sicilia’s most widely planted red grape variety

A

NEro D’avola

69
Q

Sicilia’s grape harvest can take place as late as November. True or false?

A

True

70
Q

Etna Bianco DOC must contain a majority of which grape variety?

A

Carricante

71
Q

Carricante is notably high in malic acid. True or false?

A

True

72
Q

What is the warm wind that affects the western and southern areas of Sicilia?

A

Sirocco

73
Q

Faro DOC must include a blend of Nerello Mascalese, Nerello Cappuccio and Nero d’Avola. True or false?

A

False

74
Q

Sicilia’s grape harvest can begin as early as July. True or false?

A

True

75
Q

Name the two active volcanoes located on Sicilia’s Aeolian Islands

A

Stromboli and Vulcano

76
Q

Damaschino can be used in the production of Marsala. True or false?

A

True

77
Q

Frappato is a grape variety historically grown around which town in southeast Sicilia?

A

Vittoria

78
Q

Name Sicilia’s first DOC appellation

A

Etna DOC

79
Q

The eastern part of Sicilia is overhwelmingly planted to white grapes. True or false?

A

False

80
Q

Grillo is the result of a natural crossing between Catarratto Bianco and …

A

Zibbibo (Muscat of Alexandria)

81
Q

In Sicilia, Muscat of Alexandria is more widely known by what name?

A

Zibibbo

82
Q

The Etna DOC is included in which Sicilian province?

A

Catania

83
Q

Sicilia’s Calabrese grape is more widely known by what name?

A

Nero d’Avola

84
Q

Etna Bianco Superiore DOC must have higher alcohol level and can be produced anywhere within the Etna DOC. True or false?

A

False

IWS - Unit 2 (20 decks)

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