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MSK 4 > Shoulder Instability > Flashcards

Shoulder Instability Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the shoulder joint much less stable than?

A

Hip ball and socket joint

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2
Q

What are types of static stabilizations in the shoulder?

A

Ligaments

Capsule

Bony anatomy

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3
Q

What is a dynamic stabilizer in the shoulder?

A

Muscles

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4
Q

What are the different types of instabilities in the shoulder?

A

Traumatic

Atraumatic

Acquired

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5
Q

Who is shoulder instability more common in?

A

3x more common in men than women

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6
Q

What is traumatic instability?

A

Subluxation

Dislocation

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7
Q

What can a shoulder dislocation lead to?

A

Hill-Sachs lesion

Boney bankart

Labral tear

Axillary nerve injury

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8
Q

What is a bankart lesion?

A

Tear of glenoid labrum in the anterior region

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9
Q

What is a reverse bankart lesion?

A

Tear of glenoid labrum in the posterior region

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10
Q

What is a Hills-Sach lesion?

A

Injury to humeral head due to anterior dislocation

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11
Q

What is the most common type of disability?

A

Anterior disability (ER, abduction, anterior directed force)

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12
Q

What are the causes of atraumatic instability?

A

Anatomical anomaly

General laxity

Poor muscle balance

Scapular dyskinesis

Connective tissue diseases (Ehlers-Danlos and Marfan syndrome)

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13
Q

What are the causes of acquired instability?

A

Gradual development of laxity (pitchers)

Excessive ER

Posterior GH joint capsular tightness

Strength imbalance

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14
Q

What is the clinical presentation of someone with traumatic instability?

A

Shoulder pain but localized to tissues involved (scared to move arm out from body)

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15
Q

What is the clinical presentation of someone with atraumatic instability?

A

Multi joint hyper mobility

Atrophy of shoulder girdle

Dysfunctional movement patterns

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16
Q

Who is at greater risk for recurrence of shoulder dislocations?

A

Younger patients in their 20s and men

17
Q

What results in a reduced risk of shoulder dislocation?

A

Boney bankart and greater tubercle fracture (due to surgical intervention)

18
Q

What are the 4 phases of a rehab program for anterior instability?

A

Phase 1- acute

Phase 2- intermediate

Phase 3- advanced strengthening

Phase 4- return to activity

19
Q

What are some exercises that are good to be used in the acute phase (phase 1)?

A

Rhythmic stabilization for IR/ER/shoulder flexion

Closed chain (arms held out against wall)

Scapular re training

20
Q

What are some exercises that can be used for the intermediate phase (phase 2)?

A

Rotator cuff strengthening (moving in early to mid range in multiple planes)

Closed chain (plank position)

Balancing with hand on a ball on the wall

21
Q

What are some exercises for the advanced strengthening phase (phase 3)?

A

Rotator cuff strengthening at end range

Neuromuscular training

Closed chain (wall push up on ball)

22
Q

What are some exercises for the return to activity phase (phase 4)?

A

Exercises that reflect what they want to return to

23
Q

What is TUBS?

A

Traumatic

Unidirectional (anterior, posterior, or inferior)

Associated bankart lesion

Surgical repair

24
Q

What is the prognosis of TUBS?

A

Good

25
Q

What is AMBRI?

A

Atraumatic

Multidirectional

Bilateral

Rehab

Inferior capsular shift (if surgery is done)

26
Q

What is the prognosis of AMBRI?

A

Less certain

27
Q

What position does an anterior GH dislocation usually occur in?

A

Anterior force on shoulder with arm abducted and ER (posterior force on forearm or hand)

28
Q

What position does a posterior GH dislocation occur in?

A

Posterior force on shoulder with arm flexed and IR

29
Q

What is the position where inferior GH dislocation often occurs?

A

Inferior force on shoulder with arm in abduction

MSK 4 (24 decks)

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