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MSK 4 > Osseus Conditions Elbow/forearm (2) > Flashcards

Osseus Conditions Elbow/forearm (2) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the areas of fractures on the elbow?

A

Supracondylar (extrascapular)

Transcondylar (intrascapular)

Medial epicondyle (extrascapular)

Lateral epicondyle (extrascapular)

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2
Q

What is the most common elbow fracture injury in children?

A

Supracondylar (fall on out stretched hand)

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3
Q

What special test is used for elbow acute fractures?

A

Elbow extension test (positive if they cannot fully extend and lock elbow)

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4
Q

What is the most common elbow fracture injury in adults?

A

Fracture of radial head

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5
Q

What is a terrible triad injury to the elbow?

A

Radial head fracture

Grade 3 medial collateral ligament sprain with dislocation

Coronoid process fracture

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6
Q

How is the terrible triad injury of the elbow managed?

A

Surgery

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7
Q

What is a night stick fracture?

A

Fracture of the mid portion of ulna (blocking something from hitting you)

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8
Q

What is a monteggia fracture?

A

Fracture of proximal ulna along with dislocation of radial head

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9
Q

What does a monteggia fracture often damage?

A

Posterior branch of radial nerve

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10
Q

What is a galeazzi fracture?

A

Fracture of distal radius along with dislocation of ulnar head

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11
Q

What is a green stick fracture?

A

Incomplete fracture in flexible/young bones

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12
Q

What is the mechanism of injury for bursitis?

A

Fall on to elbow

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13
Q

What is the mechanism of injury for a bicep rupture?

A

Rapid load eccentric force at 90° of flexion (often a pre existing tendonopathy)

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14
Q

What is the special test for a bicep rupture?

A

Bicep squeeze test (positive test if no supination occurs with squeeze)

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15
Q

What are characteristics of acute compartment syndrome?

A

Following fracture

Constrictive

Dressings, casts

Blunt trauma

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16
Q

What are characteristics of exertional compartment syndrome?

A

ADL

Work

Recreational activities

17
Q

What are the 5 Ps of compartment syndrome?

A

Pallor

Paresthesia

Pulse deficit

Paralysis

Pain

18
Q

What fracture most often has compartment syndrome present after?

A

Supracondylar fracture

19
Q

What is a pulled elbow in pediatrics?

A

Inferior dislocation of the radial head through the annular ligament

20
Q

What is little leaguers elbow in pediatrics?

A

Avulsion lesion to the medial apophysis (mechanism of throwing)

21
Q

What is osteochondritis dessicans?

A

Local necrosis with fragmentation of cartilage that can break off to become loose

22
Q

What is osteochondritis dessicans common in?

A

Gymnastics and throwing sports

23
Q

What is myositis ossificans?

A

Bone formation within a muscle due to trauma

24
Q

What is treatment for myositis ossificans?

A

Back off (gentle rehab)

MSK 4 (24 decks)

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