Shoulder FINAL Flashcards
5 articulations of the shoulder
- glenohumeral [ball and socket]
- sternoclavicular
- acromioclavicular (AC)
- coracoclavicular (CC)
- Scapulothoracic
most freely moving joint in the body, with poor joint stability
glenohumeral
what body part makes up the ball and socket of the glenohumeral joint
ball: head of humerus
socket: glenoid fossa of the scapula
what is unique about the sternoclavicular joint
only bone to bone articulation the shoulder has with the thoracic region/axial skeleton
what type points create the acromioclavicular joint
acromion process of the scapula and the clavicle
what is ligament injury at the acromioclavicular joint called?
AC separation or separated shoulder joint
what two parts comprise the coracoclavicular joint
coracoid process of the scapula, clavicle
the CC joint is a stable joint bound by what ligament?
coracoclavicular ligament
region between the scapula and thoracic wall
scapulathoracic joint
the scapula thoracic joint has ____ muscular attachments
17
Flexion of the shoulder in degrees? Extension?
0-180 deg
0-50 deg
3 PM’s shoulder flexion
coracobrachialis
anterior deltoid
Pec major
2 PM’s shoulder extension
Posterior Deltoid
Latissimus Dorsi
Abduction & Adduction of shoulder in degrees
ab - 0-180
ad - 180-0
2 PM’s of shoulder abduction
middle deltoid
supraspinatus
2 PM’s shoulder adduction
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
Internal & external shoulder rotation in degrees
internal (medial): 0-90 deg
external (lateral): 0-90 deg
2 PM’s internal rotation
subscapularis
pectoralis major
2 PM’s external rotation
infraspinatus
teres minor
Rotator cuff muscles
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis
what does the rotator cuff do ?
forms a cuff around head of humerus, responsible for where the head of humerus goes in arm movement
movements of the scapula
- protraction (abduction)
- retraction (adduction)
- elevation
- depression
scapula protraction PM
serratus anterior
3 PM’s scapula retraction
middle trapezius
rhomboid minor & major
2 PM’s scapula elevation
upper trapezius
levator scapulae
PM scapula depression
lower trapezius
what is scapulohumeral rhythm?
regular pattern of scapular rotation that accompanies & facilitates humeral abduction
what does scapulohumeral rhythm do for the shoulder?
enables greater ROM than if scapula was fixed
as the humerus elevates to ___ degrees, there is no movement of the ______
30 degrees, scapula
When the humerus elevates tom 30 degrees the scapula does not move. What is this referred to as?
setting phase; stable base is created on the thoracic wall
from ___ to ___ degrees the scapula abducts & upwardly rotates __ deg. for every __ deg. of humeral elevation
- 30 to 90 degrees
- 1 deg. for every 2 deg.
from ___ deg. to full ________ [____ deg] of the humerus, the scapula abducts and upwardly rotates ___ deg. for each ___ deg. of humeral elevation
- 90 deg
- abduction
- 180
- 1 for each 1
4 stages of pitching
- windup
- cocking
- acceleration
- follow-through
scapula elbow & humerus position during the early cocking stage
- scapula retracted
- elbow flexed
- humerus abducted & externally rotated
the acceleration is ________ and brief
explosive
scapula humerus and elbow movement in acceleration phase
- scapula continues to protract
- humerus continues to horizontally adduct while internally rotating
- elbow extends
scapula & humerus position in the early follow-through
- adduction of the humerus across the front of the body
- max internal rotation of the humerus, small recoil in external rotation
what movement occurs in the late follow through stage
completion of trunk rotation & scapular protraction
