Shoulder FINAL Flashcards

1
Q

5 articulations of the shoulder

A
  1. glenohumeral [ball and socket]
  2. sternoclavicular
  3. acromioclavicular (AC)
  4. coracoclavicular (CC)
  5. Scapulothoracic
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2
Q

most freely moving joint in the body, with poor joint stability

A

glenohumeral

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3
Q

what body part makes up the ball and socket of the glenohumeral joint

A

ball: head of humerus
socket: glenoid fossa of the scapula

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4
Q

what is unique about the sternoclavicular joint

A

only bone to bone articulation the shoulder has with the thoracic region/axial skeleton

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5
Q

what type points create the acromioclavicular joint

A

acromion process of the scapula and the clavicle

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6
Q

what is ligament injury at the acromioclavicular joint called?

A

AC separation or separated shoulder joint

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7
Q

what two parts comprise the coracoclavicular joint

A

coracoid process of the scapula, clavicle

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8
Q

the CC joint is a stable joint bound by what ligament?

A

coracoclavicular ligament

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9
Q

region between the scapula and thoracic wall

A

scapulathoracic joint

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10
Q

the scapula thoracic joint has ____ muscular attachments

A

17

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11
Q

Flexion of the shoulder in degrees? Extension?

A

0-180 deg

0-50 deg

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12
Q

3 PM’s shoulder flexion

A

coracobrachialis
anterior deltoid
Pec major

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13
Q

2 PM’s shoulder extension

A

Posterior Deltoid

Latissimus Dorsi

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14
Q

Abduction & Adduction of shoulder in degrees

A

ab - 0-180

ad - 180-0

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15
Q

2 PM’s of shoulder abduction

A

middle deltoid

supraspinatus

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16
Q

2 PM’s shoulder adduction

A

Latissimus dorsi

Teres major

17
Q

Internal & external shoulder rotation in degrees

A

internal (medial): 0-90 deg

external (lateral): 0-90 deg

18
Q

2 PM’s internal rotation

A

subscapularis

pectoralis major

19
Q

2 PM’s external rotation

A

infraspinatus

teres minor

20
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

21
Q

what does the rotator cuff do ?

A

forms a cuff around head of humerus, responsible for where the head of humerus goes in arm movement

22
Q

movements of the scapula

A
  1. protraction (abduction)
  2. retraction (adduction)
  3. elevation
  4. depression
23
Q

scapula protraction PM

A

serratus anterior

24
Q

3 PM’s scapula retraction

A

middle trapezius

rhomboid minor & major

25
Q

2 PM’s scapula elevation

A

upper trapezius

levator scapulae

26
Q

PM scapula depression

A

lower trapezius

27
Q

what is scapulohumeral rhythm?

A

regular pattern of scapular rotation that accompanies & facilitates humeral abduction

28
Q

what does scapulohumeral rhythm do for the shoulder?

A

enables greater ROM than if scapula was fixed

29
Q

as the humerus elevates to ___ degrees, there is no movement of the ______

A

30 degrees, scapula

30
Q

When the humerus elevates tom 30 degrees the scapula does not move. What is this referred to as?

A

setting phase; stable base is created on the thoracic wall

31
Q

from ___ to ___ degrees the scapula abducts & upwardly rotates __ deg. for every __ deg. of humeral elevation

A
  • 30 to 90 degrees

- 1 deg. for every 2 deg.

32
Q

from ___ deg. to full ________ [____ deg] of the humerus, the scapula abducts and upwardly rotates ___ deg. for each ___ deg. of humeral elevation

A
  • 90 deg
  • abduction
  • 180
  • 1 for each 1
33
Q

4 stages of pitching

A
  1. windup
  2. cocking
  3. acceleration
  4. follow-through
34
Q

scapula elbow & humerus position during the early cocking stage

A
  • scapula retracted
  • elbow flexed
  • humerus abducted & externally rotated
35
Q

the acceleration is ________ and brief

A

explosive

36
Q

scapula humerus and elbow movement in acceleration phase

A
  • scapula continues to protract
  • humerus continues to horizontally adduct while internally rotating
  • elbow extends
37
Q

scapula & humerus position in the early follow-through

A
  • adduction of the humerus across the front of the body

- max internal rotation of the humerus, small recoil in external rotation

38
Q

what movement occurs in the late follow through stage

A

completion of trunk rotation & scapular protraction