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Kinesiology > Shoulder Complex > Flashcards

Shoulder Complex Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four joints that make up the shoulder complex?

A
  • sternoclavicular (SC)
  • acromioclavicular (AC)
  • glenohumeral (GH)
  • scapulothoracic (ST)
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2
Q

What motion does the sternoclavicular ligament restrict?

A
  • limits accessory motion of the clavicular head
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3
Q

What motion does the interclavicular ligament restrict?

A
  • prevents downward motion of the clavicle (proximal head moves upward)
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4
Q

Normal ROM values for the steernoclavicular joint

A

Elevation: 45 degrees
Depression: 10 degrees
Pro/retraction: 15 degrees
Rotation: 20-35 degrees (posterior only)

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5
Q

What direction is roll & slide in for pro/retraction at the sternoclavicular joint?

A
  • roll & slide are in the same direction
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6
Q

What direction is roll & slide in during elevation & depression of the sternoclavicular joint?

A
  • roll & slide are in opposite directions
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7
Q

What motion does the superior & inferior acromioclavicular ligament limit?

A
  • prevents horizontal distraction
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8
Q

What motion does the coracoclavicular (trapezoid & conoid) ligament limit?

A
  • limits upward scapula rotation
  • transfers medially directed forces from glenoid (prevents medial displacement)
  • prevents medial scapula displacement
  • produces longitudinal clavicle rotation during upper extremity elevation
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9
Q

Normal ROM values of the acromioclavicular joint during scapular motion?

A

Upward rotation: 30 degrees
Anterior/posterior tilting: 5-30 degrees
Internal/external rotation: 5-30 degrees

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10
Q

What motion does the superior glenohumeral ligament limit?

A
  • external rotation & inferior translation of humeral head
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11
Q

What motion does the middle glenohumeral ligament limit?

A

-prevents anterior displacement

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12
Q

What motion does the inferior glenohumeral ligament limit, anterior & posterior band?

A

Anterior band: limits external rotation
Posterior band: limits internal rotation
As a whole: limits abduction

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13
Q

What is the close packed position for the glenohumeral joint?

A
  • 90 degrees abduction with full external rotation (throwing position)
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14
Q

Normal ROM values for the glenohumereal joint?

A

Flexion: 120 degrees & 60 degrees from rotation of the scapula
Internal rotation: 80 degrees (90 degrees if abducted)
External rotation: 60-65 degrees (90 degrees if abducted)
Abduction: 90 degrees (60 degrees if IR & 40 degrees if ER)
Extension: 60-70 degrees active & 80 degrees passive

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15
Q

What is scapulohumeral rhythm?

A
  • glenohumeral joint & scapulothoracic joint have a 2:1 ratio
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16
Q

When is shoulder abduction mostly related to sternoclavicular joint & acromioclavicular joint?

A
  • Sternoclavicular joint is responsible for the majority of motion up to 90 degrees abduction
  • Acromioclavicular joint is responsible for the majority of motion past 90 degrees abduction
17
Q

How much does the clavicle retract during full abduction?

A
  • 15 degrees beyond resting position
18
Q

What happens to the scapula when it goes through full abduction?

A
  • medial border & inferior angle goes inward
  • lateral border externally rotates away from the ribcage
19
Q

What ligament is the primary contributor to clavicular rotation?

A
  • coracoclavicular ligament
20
Q

Normal ROM value for clavicular rotation

A

20-25 degrees posteriorly

21
Q

Why is humeral external rotation important?

A
  • to get the tubercle out of the way to have enough space to complete the motion, same thing happens during shoulder flexion
22
Q

How much shoulder flexion & extension occur during gait?

A

Flexion: 25 degrees
Extension: 10 degrees

23
Q

What muscles are involved in scapula elevation?

A
  • levator scapula
  • rhomboid minor
  • rhomboid major
  • upper trapezius
24
Q

What muscles are involved in scapula depression?

A
  • lower trapezius
  • latissimus dorsi
25
Q

What muscles are involved in scapula protraction?

A
  • serrates anterior
26
Q

What muscles are involved in scapula retraction?

A
  • lower trapezius
  • middle trapezius
  • rhomboid major
  • rhomboid minor
27
Q

What muscles are involved in shoulder flexion?

A
  • anterior deltoid
  • long head of the biceps brachii
  • coracobrachialis
28
Q

What muscles are involved in shoulder abduction?

A
  • middle deltoid
  • anterior deltoid
  • supraspinatus
29
Q

What muscles are involved in upward scapular rotation?

A
  • lower trapezius
  • upper trapezius
  • serrates anterior
30
Q

Paralysis of what muscle causes scapular winging?

A
  • serrates anterior
31
Q

What muscles make up the rotator cuff?

A
  • supraspinatus
  • infraspinatus
  • teres minor
  • subscapularis
32
Q

What shoulder muscle groups have the most torque potential?

A
  • extensors (1st)
  • adductors (2nd)

Kinesiology (10 decks)

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