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Movement > Shoulder > Flashcards

Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius origin

A

occipital bone, nuchal ligament, C7-12 spinous processes

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2
Q

Trapezius insertion

A

Spine of scapula, acromion, clavicle

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3
Q

Trapezius innervation

A

Accessory nerve

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4
Q

Trapezius function

A

Upper: elevate scapula
Middle: retract
Lower: depress
All: rotate humerus - abduction above 90

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5
Q

Latissimus dorsi origin

A

T7-12 spinous processes, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest

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6
Q

Latissimus dorsi insertion

A

Intertubercular sulcus

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7
Q

Latissimus dorsi innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

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8
Q

Latissimus dorsi function

A

Extend, adduct and medially rotate humerus

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9
Q

Levator scapulae origin

A

Transverse processes C1-4,

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10
Q

Levator scapulae insertion

A

Medial border of scapula

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11
Q

Levator scapulae innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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12
Q

Levator scapulae function

A

Elevate scapula

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13
Q

Rhomboid Major Origin

A

Spinous processes T2-5

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14
Q

Rhomboid Major Insertion

A

Medial border of scapula

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15
Q

Rhomboid major innervation

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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16
Q

Rhomboid major function

A

retract and rotate scapula

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17
Q

Rhomboid minor origin

A

C7-T1

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18
Q

Rhomboid minor insertion

A

Medial border at spine level

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19
Q

Rhomboid minor innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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20
Q

Rhomboid minor function

A

retract and rotate scapula

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21
Q

Serratus anterior origin

A

Ribs 1-8

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22
Q

Serratus anterior insertion

A

medial border scapula

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23
Q

serratus anterior innervation

A

long thoracic nerve

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24
Q

serratus anterior function

A

protracts and laterally rotates scapula

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25
Q

What is winging of the scapula?

A

Long thoracic nerve descends from brachial plexus and lies superficial to serratus anterior
Long thoracic nerve gets damaged

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26
Q

Pectoralis major origin

A

Clavicular head: medial clavicle

Sternal head: Sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, external oblique aponeurosis

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27
Q

Pectoralis major insertion

A

lateral lip intertubercular sulcus

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28
Q

Pectoralis major innervation

A

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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29
Q

Pectoralis major function

A

adducts and medially rotates lower limb

Clavicular head extends

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30
Q

Pectoralis minor origin

A

ribs 3-5

31
Q

Pectoralis minor insertion

A

coracoid process

32
Q

Pectoralis minor innervation

A

Medial pectoral nerve

33
Q

Pectoralis minor function

A

stabilises scapular - brings it anteroinferiorly

34
Q

Subclavius origin

A

rib 1

35
Q

Subclavius insertion

A

middle of clavicle

36
Q

subclavius innervation

A

nerve to subclavius

37
Q

subclavius function

A

depress and stabilise clavicle

38
Q

What improves the stability of the shoulder joint?

A

Glenoid labrum
ligaments
biceps tendon
rotator cuff muscles

39
Q

What are the ligaments called in the shoulder?

A

Glenohumeral (3) - superior, middle and inferior
Coracohumeral - coracoid process and greater tubercle
Transverse humeral - intertubercular sulcus

40
Q

What prevents the humerus displacing superiorly?

A

coraco-acromial arch
acromion
corocoid process
coracoacromial ligament

41
Q

Deltoid origin

A

acromion, spine of scapula, clavicle

42
Q

deltoid insertion

A

deltoid tuberosity

43
Q

deltoid innervation

A

axillary nerve

44
Q

deltoid function

A

abduct after 15 degrees
flex
extend

45
Q

teres major origin

A

posterior surface inferior angle

46
Q

teres major insertion

A

medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

47
Q

teres major innervation

A

lower subscapular nerve

48
Q

teres major function

A

adducts and medially rotates

49
Q

teres minor origin

A

posterior surface of scapula

50
Q

teres minor insertion

A

greater tubercle

51
Q

teres minor innervation

A

axillary nerve

52
Q

teres minor funtion

A

lateral rotation

53
Q

supraspinatous origin

A

supraspinous fossa

54
Q

supraspinatous insertion

A

greater tubercle

55
Q

supraspinatous innervation

A

suprascapular nerve

56
Q

supraspinatous function

A

abducts 0-15

57
Q

infraspinatus origin

A

infraspinous fossa

58
Q

infraspinatus insertion

A

greater tubercle

59
Q

infraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular nerve

60
Q

infraspinatus function

A

lateral rotation

61
Q

subscapularis origin

A

subscapular fossa

62
Q

subscapularis insertion

A

lesser tubercle

63
Q

subscapularis innervation

A

upper and lower scapular nerves

64
Q

test for supraspinatus

A

abduct arm against resistance

65
Q

test for infraspinatous

A

laterally rotate arm against resistance

66
Q

test for teres minor

A

laterally rotate arm against resistance

67
Q

test for subscapularis

A

place dorsum of hand to mid-lumbar spine then lift the dorsum of the hand off the back

68
Q

Which is the most commonly torn rotator cuff muscle? what is the test?

A

supraspinatous - abduct arm fully and lower slowly with control - arm will fall suddenly at around 90 degrees

69
Q

What are the boundaries of the quadrilateral space?

A

Lateral: surgical neck of humerus
Medial: long head of triceps
Inferior: teres major
Superior: teres minor

70
Q

What are the contents of the quadrilateral space?

A

axillary nerve

posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein

71
Q

What is quadrilateral space syndrome?

A

Transient blockage of posterior humeral circumflex artery and axillary nerve. When arm lies in a position of abduction, extension and external rotation.
Shoulder pain and paraesthesia down the arm.

72
Q

What happens if the suprascapular nerve is paralysed?

A

Caused by scapula fracture.
supraspinatus paralysed - patient can produce first 10-15 degrees of abduction by leaning to one side and letting joint abduct passively

73
Q

What happens if the axillary nerve is paralysed?

A

Deltoid paralysed
caused by anterior dislocation or surgical neck #
weakness and atrophy of deltoid
difficulty abduction beyond 15 degrees

Movement (8 decks)

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