Arm and elbow

Question 1

Brachialis origin

Answer 1

lateral and medial aspect of humeral shaft

Question 2

Brachialis insertion

Answer 2

coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

Question 3

brachialis innervation

Answer 3

musculocutaneous nerve (C5-6)

Question 4

Brachialis function

Answer 4

flex elbow

Question 5

Biceps origin

Answer 5

long head: supraglenoid tubercle

short head: coracoid process

Question 6

biceps insertion

Answer 6

radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis

Question 7

biceps innervation

Answer 7

musculocutaneous nerve

Question 8

biceps function

Answer 8

flex shoulder and elbow

supinates

Question 9

coracobrachialis origin

Answer 9

coracoid process

Question 10

coracobrachialis insertion

Answer 10

medial humerus

Question 11

coracobrachialis innervation

Answer 11

musculocutaneous nerve

Question 12

coracobrachialis function

Answer 12

flex shoulder

Question 13

brachioradialis origin

Answer 13

lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Question 14

brachioradialis insertion

Answer 14

distal radius - radial styloid process

Question 15

brachioradialis innervation

Answer 15

radial nerve

Question 16

brachioradialis function

Answer 16

flex elbow and supination

Question 17

triceps origin

Answer 17

long head: infraglenoid tubercle
medial head: posteromedial surface of humerus below spiral groove
lateral head: posterolateral surface of humerus above spiral groove

Question 18

triceps insertion

Answer 18

olecranon process

Question 19

triceps innervation

Answer 19

radial nerve

Question 20

triceps function

Answer 20

extend elbow

Question 21

Which nerve can a surgical neck fracture damage?

Answer 21

axillary nerve

Question 22

What does an axillary nerve injury cause?

Answer 22

deltoid atrophy
reduced loss of sensation over C5 dermatome
assess deltoid sensation and function

Question 23

What nerve could a humeral shaft fracture damage?

Answer 23

Radial nerve

Question 24

What is a supracondylar fracture?

Answer 24

above condyle

Question 25

Which structures can a supracondylar fracture damage?

Answer 25

Brachial artery and median nerve

Question 26

Which ligaments reinforce the elbow joint capsule?

Answer 26

The radial collateral ligament

The ulnar collateral ligament

Question 27

What are the causes of a posterior elbow dislocation?

Answer 27

Fall onto hands with elbows flexed

Hyperextension

Question 28

What are the associated findings with a posterior elbow dislocation?

Answer 28

Ulnar collateral ligament torn
fractures: head of radius, coronoid process, olecranon fossa
Ulnar nerve injury

Question 29

Symptoms of a posterior elbow dislocation

Answer 29

severe pain
elbow area widened
prominent olecranon process

Question 30

Where does the ulnar nerve travel?

Answer 30

Behind medial epicondyle

Question 31

Symptoms of ulnar nerve injury

Answer 31

numbness of medial part of palm and medial 1 and a half fingers
weakness of flexion and adduction of wrist

Question 32

What is bursitis of the elbow?

Answer 32

olecranon bursa protects the olecranon process of ulna
excessive, repeated pressure and friction over olecranon process can cause inflammation
swelling of bursa which may be visible and painful
students elbow

Question 33

What is golfers elbow?

Answer 33

insertions of wrist flexor tendons into medial epicondyle become inflamed

Question 34

what is tennis elbow?

Answer 34

insertion of the wrist extensors into the lateral epicondyle become inflamed

Question 35

What are the symptoms of tennis elbow?

Answer 35

pain radiates into forearm along affected muscles

Question 36

What is the treatment for tennis elbow?

Answer 36

rest or injection of corticosteroids if pain severe

Question 37

What is the annular ligament?

Answer 37

Wraps around head of the radius
maintains stability of the radius
allows rotation of the radius during pronation and supination

Question 38

What is pulled elbow?

Answer 38

annular ligament relatively weak in childhood
radius more prone to subluxation or dislocation
commonly caused by an adult swinging the child by their arms