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Kines > Shoulder > Flashcards

Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

4 components of shoulder complex

A
  1. scapulothoracic
  2. sternoclavicular
  3. acromioclavicular
  4. glenohumeral
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2
Q

the clavicle’s anterior surface is _____ medially and ______ laterally

A

convex; concave

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3
Q

orientation of glenoid fossa + name

A

anterolateral; scapular plane

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4
Q

term to measure elevation of arm in scapular plane

A

scaption

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5
Q

which direction does the humeral head face?

A

medially and superiorly

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6
Q

angle of inclination of humerus

A

135º

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7
Q

retroversion angle of humerus

A

30º

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8
Q

joint type of SC

A

synovial

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9
Q

how many clavicular DOF? what are they?

A

3
elevation/depression
protraction/retraction
ant/post rotation

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10
Q

what happens to the clavicle when the shoulder is abducted?

A

posterior rotation, retraction and elevation

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11
Q

arthrokinematics for elevation/depression of clavicle

A

convex clav on concave stern

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12
Q

arthrokinematics for pro/retraction of clavicle

A

concave on convex

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13
Q

retraction = ____ glide

A

posterior

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14
Q

protraction = _____ glide

A

anterior

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15
Q

explain clavicular rotation

A

rotates posteriorly with abduction/flexion; returns to orig position with arm returning to neutral

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16
Q

joint type of AC

A

plane synovial joint

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17
Q

conoid lig prevents _________

A

superior translation

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18
Q

trapezoid lig prevents __________

A

acromion from sliding underneath the clavicle

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19
Q

coracoacromial lig’s role

A

stability

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20
Q

DOF at AC joint - what are they?

A

3
up/down rotation
IR/ER
ant/post tilt

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21
Q

motions at AC joint are __________ movements

A

fine tuning

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22
Q

shoulder ROM is largely attributed to _______________

A

scapulothoracic movement

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23
Q

unique thing about ST joint

A

not a true joint, an articulation

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24
Q

DOF of ST joint and what are they?

A

3
elevation/depression
retraction/protraction
down/upward rotation

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25
Q

how much of shoulder’s flexion/abduction ROM does full upward rotation at STJ account for?

A

1/3 of total

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26
Q

what type of joint is GHJ?

A

synovial, ball and socket

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27
Q

primary goal of GHJ

A

position hand in space

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28
Q

GHJ: anatomical sacrifice of _________ for _________

A

stability; mobility

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29
Q

describe the slack/tautness of the GH capsule

A

slack: anterior and inferior
taut: superiorly

30
Q

purpose of the labrum

A

provide depth to fossa; increase contact area and provide stability

31
Q

2 ligs of GHJ

A

GH capsular ligaments, coracohumeral lig

32
Q

muscles that stabilize GHJ

A

rotator cuff, long head of biceps

33
Q

what is the rotator interval?

A

area between supraspinatus and subscap - biceps tendon and coracohumeral lig are here

fig 5-26

34
Q

what forms the coracoacromial arch?

A

coracoacromial lig and acromion process

35
Q

4 things that live inside the subacromial space

A
  1. supraspinatus
  2. subacromial bursa
  3. long head of biceps
  4. part of superior capsule
36
Q

subacromial bursa location

A

above supraspinatus, below acromion process

37
Q

lateral extension of the subacromial bursa

A

subdeltoid bursa

38
Q

function of subdeltoid bursa

A

limits friction forces between deltoid and supraspinatus

39
Q

normal GH flexion ROM

A

0-120º

0-180º w scapular rotation

40
Q

normal extension ROM

A

0-50/60º

41
Q

normal GH abduction ROM

A

0-120º

0-180º w scap rotation

42
Q

why is abduction usually accompanied by ER?

A

to clear greater tubercle from getting jammed against subacromial contents

43
Q

normal IR/ER ROM

A

IR: 0-70/90º
ER: 0-90º

44
Q

why can we not use convex/concave rules on GH joint?

A

muscle contractions stabilize head of humerus in glenoid

45
Q

ratio of scapulohumeral rhythm

A

2:1 humerus to scap

46
Q

toward end abduction range, contribution is primarily _________

A

scapulothoracic

47
Q

what two movements contribute to ST upward rotation?

A

SC elevation

AC upward rotation

48
Q

the clavicle ______ at the SCJ during abduction

A

retracts

49
Q

the scap ________ and ________ during full shoulder abduction

A

posteriorly tilts and externally rotates

50
Q

the GH joint _______ during abduction

A

ER

51
Q

what two parties must coordinate for normal shoulder function?

A

proximal stabilizers and distal mobilizers

52
Q

5 ST elevators

A
  1. traps
  2. post deltoid
  3. levator scap
  4. rhomboid minor
  5. rhomboid major
53
Q

4 ST depressors

A
  1. lower trap
  2. lats
  3. pec minor
  4. subclavius
54
Q

ST protractor

A

serratus anterior

55
Q

3 ST retractors

A
  1. middle trapezius
  2. rhomboids
  3. lower trap
56
Q

3 groups of muscle that get arm overhead

A
  1. GH flexors and abductors
  2. scap upward rotators
  3. rotator cuff
57
Q

2 GH abductors

A

delt (ant and middle)

supraspinatus

58
Q

3 GH flexors

A

ant delt, coracobrachialis, LH biceps brachii

59
Q

3 scap upward rotators

A
  1. serratus
  2. upper trap
  3. lower trap
60
Q

middle trap’s role in scap upward rotation

A

counter’s SA tendency to protract

61
Q

most effective upward rotator

A

lower fibers of SA

62
Q

_______ direct arthrokinematics at GH

A

rotator cuff muscles

63
Q

5 GH adductors and extensor s

A
  1. post delt
  2. lats
  3. teres major
  4. LH triceps
  5. sternocostal head pec major
64
Q

5 GH internal rotators

A
  1. subscap
  2. ant delt
  3. pec major
  4. lats
  5. teres major
65
Q

3 external rotators

A
  1. infraspinatus
  2. teres minor
  3. post delt
66
Q

loss of ST motion may result in……

A

1/3 of abd/flexion passively, loss of active motion b/c of delt insufficiency (may cause impingement)

67
Q

loss of ST motion’s affect on delt

A

active insufficiency bc it shortens moment arm

68
Q

loss of GH motion results in….

A

hypermobility at ST joint

69
Q

loss of SC motion causes (2)

A
  1. reduction in ST motion

2. hypermobility at AC

70
Q

loss of AC motion causes ……

A

hypermobility at SC joint

Kines (13 decks)

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