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Kines > Gait > Flashcards

Gait Flashcards

1
Q

Define gait cycle

A

Heel strike to ipsilateral heel strike

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2
Q

Gait cycle is synonymous to _______

A

Stride

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3
Q

Define step

A

Heel strike to contralateral heel strike

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4
Q

Stance:swing ratio for walking

A

60:40

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5
Q

Distance between ipsilateral foot contacts

A

Stride length

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6
Q

Distance between contralateral foot contacts

A

Step length

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7
Q

Distance between heel centers of contralateral feet

A

Step width

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8
Q

Angle formed between long axis of foot and line of progression

A

Foot angle

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9
Q

Term for steps/min

A

Cadence

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10
Q

6 steps of stance

A
  1. Heel strike/IC
  2. Foot flat/loading response
  3. Mid-stance
  4. Heel off/terminal stance
  5. Pre-swing
  6. Toe-off
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11
Q

Two instantaneous events in stance phase

A

Heel strike/IC and toe-off

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12
Q

Two double support times during stance phase

A

Foot flat/loading response and pre-swing

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13
Q

3 parts of swing phase

A
  1. Acceleration/initial swing
  2. Midswing
  3. Deceleration/terminal swing
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14
Q

4 determinants of gait

A
  1. knee flexion during loading
  2. pelvic tilt during swing
  3. pelvic rotation
  4. combined knee, ankle and foot
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15
Q

During what part of gait is the body most stable?

A

Double limb support

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16
Q

During what phase of gait is the body least stable?

A

Midstance

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17
Q

What side of the body does lateral pelvic tilt occur on?

A

Swing leg

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18
Q

Goal of lateral pelvic tilt

A

Keep COG low

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19
Q

Purpose of knee flexion @ midstance

A

Keep COG low

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20
Q

Serves to lengthen legs and prevent excessive movement of COG

A

Pelvic rotation (forward and backward)

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21
Q

Forward rotation occurs on ______ side

A

Swing

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22
Q

Backward rotation occurs on _______ side

A

Stance

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23
Q

Total pelvic rotation during gait

A

8º

24
Q

Kinetic energy is a direct function of ______

A

Velocity

25
Q

When is kinetic energy highest?

A

DLS

26
Q

When is potential energy highest?

A

Midstance

27
Q

High COG = _____ potential energy

A

High

28
Q

Relationship between pelvic tilt and gait speed

A

Increases w speed

29
Q

Peak hip extension occurs at _______________

A

Terminal stance

30
Q

Hip flexion at IC

A

30º

31
Q

Knee’s reaction to loading

A

Flexes to approx 20º

32
Q

Following IC, what are osteokinematics of ankle?

A

PF bc eccentric control of tibia

33
Q

When is DF highest?

A

Mid-stance

34
Q

Explain what causes toe drop

A

No tib ant eccentric control during PF after IC

35
Q

When does the hip adduct?

A

During loading

36
Q

Pattern of pronation/supination during gait

A

Supination - pronation - supination

37
Q

Purpose of pronation of foot during stance

A

Adds flexibility to midfoot

38
Q

During what part of stance does the foot return to supination?

A

Late stance

39
Q

Stance limb ASIS becomes ___________ just before toe-off

A

Retracted

40
Q

Shoulder girdle rotates in the __________ direction of the pelvis

A

Opposite

41
Q

R shoulder moving anteriorly = _______ rotation

A

Left

42
Q

L shoulder moving anteriorly = ______ rotation

A

Right

43
Q

Restriction in trunk motion ________ energy expenditure

A

Increases

44
Q

During what phase of gait is shoulder most extended?

A

Heel contact

45
Q

During what phase of gait is shoulder most flexed?

A

DLS

46
Q

Purpose of shoulder movement during gait

A

Balances rotational forces of trunk

47
Q

Phase of greatest muscle activity

A

Loading response

48
Q

Ability to position leg in WB position

A

Prepositioning

49
Q

Excessive PF in stance will _____ stride length and ________ gait velocity

A

Shorten; reduce

50
Q

max PF º and phase

A

30-45º toe off

51
Q

max DF º and phase

A

10-15º mid-terminal stance

52
Q

max hip extension º and phase

A

10º terminal stance

53
Q

max hip flexion º and phase

A

35º midswing

54
Q

max knee extension ºand phase

A

0-5º initial contact

55
Q

max knee flexion ºand phase

A

60º midswing

56
Q

max great toe extension º

A

60º

Kines (13 decks)

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