Shoulder Flashcards
Describe anterior view of the scapula
What are the parts of the clavicle
Acromial end which projects posteriorly, and sternal end which connects to the ribs. It is weakest between middle 2/3 and lateral third
What parts make up the scapula anteriorly and posteriorly?
Anteriorly is the subscapular fossa and coracoid process. Posteriorly is the acromion projection, supraspinous fossa, infraspinous fossa, and glenoid supra and infraglenoid tubercles.
Sternoclavicular joint
joint capsule, anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments, costoclavicular ligaments
Acromioclavicular joint
consists of acromioclavicular ligament, coracoclavicular ligament which is made up of the more medial conoid and distal trapezoid
Where do shoulder separations occur and what types are there?
They occur at the acromioclavicular joint. There’s type 1 which is no fracture or tear. Type 2 which has complete tear of acromioclavicular lig. Type 3 where both acromioclavicular lig. and coracoclavicular lig are torn.
Glenoid humeral joint consists of…
Glenoid labrum, head of humerus in rotator cuff muscles, and capsule
What are the ligaments of glenohumeral joint, location, and their functions?
- Coracohumeral ligament is in greater tubercle of coracoid process and strengthens superioly.
- Transverse humeral ligament goes from greater to lesser tubercle of humerus and holds long tendon of biceps brachii
- Coracoacromial ligment attaches to CC process and acromion and strengthens superiorly.
What happens is shoulder dislocation?
Dislocation of glenohumeral joint where the head of humerus falls out glenoid fossa and is usually driven inferior and anterior. Treat with open and close reduction.
Circumduction
everything moves together
What movement does coroacromial arch limit?
It limits abduction past 180 degrees via the coracoacromial ligament and contact of greater tubercle.
What are the five movements of the scapulothoracic joint?
elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, rotation
Posterior Thoracoappendicular Muscles (4)
trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhomboids, levator scapula
Anterior Thoracoappendicular Muscles
pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, subclavius
True or False: Teres Major is a shoulder muscle
true
Where does deltoid attach, what innervates it, and it’s function?
- attaches to lateral clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula and deltoid tuberosity of humerus
- Innervated by axillary nerve
- Functions as clavicular head (medial rotation), acromial head (abduct), and spinal head (lateral rotation)
Supraspinatus attachment, function, and innervation?
attaches to supraspinous fossa and greater tubercle
2. innervated by suprascapular nerve
3. functions to abduct
Infraspinatus attachment, innervation, and function
- attaches to infraspinous fossa and greater tubercle
- Innervation from suprascapular nerve
- Functions by lateral rotation and holding head of humerus in glenoid fossa
Teres Minor attachment, innervation, and function?
- attaches to the lateral border of scapula and the greater tubercle of humerus
- axillary nerve
- function by lateral rotation and hold head of humerus in glenoid
Subscapularis attachment, innervation, and function?
- attaches to subscapular fossa and lesser tubercle of humerus
- Innervation from upper and lower subscapular nerves
- medially rotates and adducts, hold humerus in glenoid
Teres major attachment, innervation, and function?
1.attaches to the inferior angle of the scapula and interubercular groove of humerus
2. innervated by lower subscapular nerve 3. functions to adduct and medially rotate
This bursa is found between acromion, coracoacromial ligament and deltoid…
Subacromial bursa which controls movement of supraspinatus under coracoacromial arch
This bursa is between the supraspinatus tendon and joint capsule of glenohumeral joint…
Subdeltoid bursa which is involved in movement of deltoid over joint capsule and greater tubercle
This bursa us between the subscapularis and neck of scapula…
subcapsular bursa which protects the tendon from root of coracoid process and neck of scapula
What is the quadrangular space?
Contains the axillary nerve and humeral circumflex artery. It’s boundaries are the teres minor, teres major, humerus, ad long head of the triceps
What does subclavian artery break into
thyrocervical trunk (suprascapular) and dorsal scapular
What does axillary artery break into?
subscapular (circumflex)
What ligament separates the suprascapular artery and nerve?
the superior transverse scapular ligament
