Pectoral Region/ Axilla Flashcards
What are pectoral boundaries?
Lateral is mid-axillary line, Superolaterally is deltopectoral groove, superomedially is medial clavicle, inferiorly is costal margin
What’s amastia, polymastia, and polythelia?
Amastia - lack of breast tissue, polymastia - lots of breast tissue, polythelia - accessory nipples
What is the function of Cooper’s ligaments?
attach the pectoral fascia to dermis and suspend breast tissue
What are the six arterial breast supplies?
Internal Thoracic artery (branches next to the sternum) Medial mammary branches branch from internal thoracic into breast. Axillary artery. Lateral Thoracic branches of axillary, and intercostal and mammary branches
What are two types of skin innervation?
Cutaneous which is multiple spinal nerve levels combine to on patch
Dermatomal which is when one skin segmen is innervated by one spinal nerve
Which dermatomal innervation is nipple line
T4
How are the right and left lymphatic drainage different?
Right lymphatic drainage is right upper limb, head, and neck which drain into right lymphatic duct. Everything else goes into the left thoracic duct which drains into subclavian
Where does most lymphatic drainage go in the breast ?
most goes laterally to axillary nodes and re-enters venous system. The rest can either go parasternally to venous system or inferiorly to subdiaphragmatic nodes
Type of technique to prevent spread of breast cancer into lymphatics…
Sentinal Node Mapping
What are 4 muscles of the chest?
Pec major, pec minor, subclavius, serratus anterior
What is function of clavicular and sternocostal heads of pec major?
Both adduct and medially rotate the humerus. Clavicular can also flex the humerus. Sternocostal can also assist in extension of humerus from flexed
Blood supply of Pec Major and Pec Minor is…
Pectoral branches of thoracoacromial trunk
What is function of pectoralis minor?
depresses and protracts scapula
What is function of Subclavius?
Resists dislocation of sternoclavicular joint and protects neurovascular
The blood supply to the subclavius is…
Clavicular branch of thoracoacromial trunk
What are the 6 axillary artery branches and their locations?
- Superior Thoracic Artery which is lateral to the first rib and medial to pec minor
- Thoracoacromial Trunk and Lateral Thoracic artery are both deep to pec minor, but TAT is more superior
- Subscapular trunk artery, ACHA and PCHA are all lateral to pec minor, medial to coracobrachialis and deep. Subscapular artery projects to subscapularis. ACHA and PCHA both project to humerus PCHA is larger
