Shock

Question 1

What is shock?

Answer 1

An abnormality of the circulatory system resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation

Question 2

Hypovolaemic shock?

Answer 2

Due to loss of blood volume

• Decreased blood volume
• Decreased venous return
• Decreased end diastolic volume
• Decreased Stroke Volume
• Decreased Cardiac Output and blood pressure

RESULTING IN INADEQUATE TISSUE PERFUSION

Question 3

Cardiogenic shock?

Answer 3

Sustained hypotension caused by decreased cardiac contractility e.g. acute MI

• Decreased Cardiac contractility
• Decreased stroke volume
• Decreased cardiac output and decreased blood pressure

RESULTING IN INADEQUATE TISSUE PERFUSION

Question 4

Obstructive shock?

Answer 4

e. g. tension pneumothorax
- Increased intrathoracic pressure
- Decreased venous return
- Decreased end diastolic volume
- Decreased stroke volume
- Decreased cardiac output and decreased blood pressure

RESULTING IN INADEQUATE TISSUE PERFUSION

Question 5

Neurogenic shock?

Answer 5

e. g. spinal cord injury
- Loss of sympathetic tone to blood vessels and heart (no baroreceptor reflex)
- Massive venous and arterial vasodilatation
- Decreased heart rate
- Decreased venous return and decreased SVR
- Decreased cardiac output and decrease blood pressure

RESULTING IN INADEQUATE TISSUE PERFUSION

Question 6

Vasoactive shock

Answer 6

e. g. Sepsis or anaphylaxis
- Massive venous and arterial vasodilatation and also increased capillary permeability
- Decreased venous return and decreased SVR
- Decreased cardiac output and decreased blood pressure

RESULTING IN INADEQUATE TISSUE PERFUSION

Question 7

Compensatory mechanisms can maintain blood pressure until

Answer 7

until more than 30% of blood volume is lost

Question 8

You get confusion in haemorrhagic shock when

Answer 8

Map falls below 60mmHg so cannot get adequate perfusion of brain

Question 9

A patient suffering from shock will have what kind of pulse?

Answer 9

Fast