shock Flashcards
types of shock
septic // hypovolaemia // neurogenic // cariogenic // anaphylactic
what is sepsis definition
infection –> systemic inflamm response syndrome
symptoms sepsis
fever // HR >90 // RR > 20 // WBC V high or V low
what is septic shock
hypotensive + organ failure
what is released in large quantaties in sepsis
cytokines –> inflamm, coagulation, fibrin suppression
in surgical patients who is at risk for septic shock
anastamoses leak, abscess, superficial infection eg nec fasc
class III haemorrhagic shock
1500-2000ml loss (30-40%) // HR > 120 // decreased BP // RR 30-40 // UO 5-15ml // confused
class IV haemorrhagic shock
> 2L lost (>40%) // pulse >140 // BP low // RR > 35 // UO <5 // lethargic
other causes ‘haemorrhagic’ shock
tension pneumothorax // spinal cord // mycoardial contusion // cardiac tamponade
what arterial pressure is needed to feel femoral pulse
65 mmHg
what is neurogenic shock
spinal cord transection –> reduced sympathetic tone OR increase parasympathetic tone –> vasodilation
what causes cardiogenic shock
ischaemic heart disease (or trauma)
if myocardial trauma what invx is needed
transthoracic echocardiography (to look for pericardial fluid)
anaphylaxis symptoms
hot, low BP (vasodilatory)
mx anaphylaxis
IM adrenaline, repeated every 5 mins (0.5ml)
inheritance Hereditary angioedema
dominant
what causes Hereditary angioedema
low plasma C1 inhibitor –> bradykinin release –> oedema
invx Hereditary angioedema
low C1-INH during attack // Low C2/(4)
symtpoms Hereditary angioedema
painful macular rash // painless, non-itchy, swelling // upper airway affected // NO URTICARIA
mx Hereditary angioedema
IV C1-inhibitor concentrate / FFP
prophylaxis Hereditary angioedema
anabolic steroid eg danazol
