leukaemia Flashcards
what symptoms warrant V urgent FBC in young people for leukaemia
pallor // fatigue // unexplained fever // unexplained infections // lymph // bone pain // unexplained bruising // unexplained bleeding
what is acute leukaemia
bone marrow failure –> maturation defects –> increased -blast cells // fast progression
what is the most common childhood malignancy
acute lymphocytic leukaemia
peak incidence ALL
2-5 (boys slightly > girls)
what condition increases risk of ALL
downs
symptoms ALL
anaemia: lethargy, pallor // neutropenia: frequent infections // thrombocytopenia bruising, petechia // bone pain // hepatosplenomegaly // fever // testes swelling
types ALL
common (75%) // T cell // B cell
poor prognostic factors ALL
age <2 // age 10+ // WBC >20 at diagnosis // T or B type // not-white // male
who is acute myeloid leukaemia common in
adults (60)
what diseases can progress to AML if not a priamry condition
myeloproliferative syndrome eg polycthaemia
AML symptoms
anaemia // neutropenia - infections // thrombocytopenia - bleeds // splenomegaly // bone pain
AML symptoms
anaemia // neutropenia - infections // thrombocytopenia - bleeds // splenomegaly // bone pain
poor prognosis AML
60+ // >20% blasts after chemo // genetics
what is acute promyelocytic leukaeia
subtype AML // t(15:17) // younger age 25
presentation acute promyelocytic leukaeia
DIC or thrombocytopenia