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World Religions > Shintoism > Flashcards

Shintoism Flashcards

1
Q

What do we know about the founder and founding of Shinto?

A

Nothing really

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2
Q

Among what group is Shinto believed to have had its origins?

A

Japanese military

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3
Q

Approximately when is Shinto Believed to have been founded?

A

Before 6th Century CE

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4
Q

What is the most common religion in Japan?

A

Shintoism

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5
Q

What is the oldest religion in Japan?

A

Shintoism

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6
Q

What is the second most common religion in Japan?

A

Buddhism

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7
Q

Other than being symbolic, what are mirrors used for in Shinto?

A

Used in rituals, temples and shrines

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8
Q

Why do Japanese often feel comfortable practicing more than one religion at a time?

A

Syncretism, more of a lifestyle than a religion

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9
Q

What are samurai?

A

Members of the Shinto Military

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10
Q

Why is it believed that Shinto has limited theology?

A

So old, absence of canonical texts and founder

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11
Q

What does the term “Shinto” mean?

A

“They way of the gods”

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12
Q

What two things typically come to mind when a practitioner of Shinto hears the term “God”?

A

Kami and Amaterasu

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13
Q

What are “Kami”

A

Divine beings that are everywhere

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14
Q

Who is the Shinto goddess of the sun?

A

Amaterasu

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15
Q

The Gods of Shinto are less like the Judeo-Christian God. and more like what deities?

A

More similar to those in polytheistic belief systems

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16
Q

How many kami and how many islands did Izanami give birth to?

A

Eight islands, plus six more, lots of kami

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17
Q

What did Izanagi slam over the entrance to the underworld?

A

Slammed a boulder or a large comb

18
Q

Why did Izanagi go through a ritual washing after discovering his wife in the underworld?

A

He had been contaminated by the impurities of the land of the dead

19
Q

Who did the Shinto goddess of the sun marry?

A

Married the god of the moon, Tsukuyomi

20
Q

How was the sun goddess’ husband able to get her out of the cave she had withdrawn into?

A

Other deities helped lure her out

21
Q

The 3rd great-grandson of the sun goddess became what?

A

Jimmu Tenno, the first emperor of Japan

22
Q

What are shoguns?

A

Early government officials

23
Q

In Shinto, to be close to nature is equivalent to being close to what?

A

Close to God

24
Q

Believing practitioners of Shinto have traditionally believed that the emperor of Japan was a descendant of whom?

A

Amaterasu

25
Q

The land of Japan is different from the rest of the earth in what sense?

A

Heavenly Land

26
Q

What are the three types of kami that we discussed in class?

A
  1. Defied powers in nature
  2. Clan ancestors
  3. The souls of celebrated or famous dead people
27
Q

Are kami localized or omnipresent?

A

Omnipresent

28
Q

What does the phrase “kamikaze” mean?

A

“divine wind”

29
Q

What is the two-fold purpose of life in Shinto?

A

Appease the Kami, celebrate Japan

30
Q

What is the primary “rite” in Shinto?

A

Ritual washings

31
Q

What is traditionally found outside of Shinto shrines, and used prior to entering a shrine?

A

Torii gate, wooden ladle

32
Q

What kind of things do practitioners of Shinto use as offerings?

A

Paper on prayer rolls

33
Q

What are two symbols of the sun goddess that we discussed in class?

A

Yata no Kagami- Eight span mirror
Hinomaru- Circle of the sun

34
Q

Why does one clap prior to offering one’s prayers?

A

Gets the attention of the Kami, shows respect and invites the Kami

35
Q

Three things which can be done to make one’s prayer more efficacious:

A

Purity, sincerity, respect

36
Q

What are matsuri in Shinto?

A

Holiday/festival to appease the Kami

37
Q

What does the current Japanese flag look like?

A

Red disc representing the sun, “land of the rising sun” representing Amaterasu

38
Q

What is Bushido?

A

Code of honor for Samurai
1. Gratitude and courage
2. Justice
3. Truthfulness
4. Politeness
5. Reserve
6. Honor
7. Allegiance

39
Q

At what point did Shinto become the state religion of Japan?

A

In the late 19th century, 1868

40
Q

What caused Shinto to no longer be Japan’s state religion?

A

After WWII, the allies separated Shinto from the state

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