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World Religions > Jainism > Flashcards

Jainism Flashcards

1
Q

According to our classroom discussion, “Jainism” is a Sanskrit word, which means what?

A

To conquer

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2
Q

Rather than a traditional religion, Jainism is more of a what?

A

More of an ethical belief system concerned with morality

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3
Q

Actions performed out of desire do what to one’s soul, according to Jain thinking?

A

Karma matter builds up and sinks the soul into the universe

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4
Q

In class, we spoke of “Five Principles” or “Five Vows” of Jain monasticism. What are they?

A
  1. Ahimsa— Protect ALL life
  2. Satya— speak truth
  3. Asteya— avoid theft, greed, exploitation
  4. Aparigraha— detachment from material things
  5. Brahmacharya— chastity
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5
Q

What does Jainism believe about God?

A

Rejects any belief in a supreme god or deity

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6
Q

What do the statues in Jain temples depict?

A

Tirthankaras

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7
Q

The founder of Jainism was whom?

A

Vardhamana Mahavira

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8
Q

What does the term “Digambara” mean?

A

“sky-clad”

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9
Q

The founder of Jainism’s given name was “Nataputta,” but he was given a title by which he is commonly known. What does that title mean? And what does it imply about the founder?

A

“great hero”

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10
Q

Jainism is a break off of what world religion?

A

Hinduism

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11
Q

What are Jain trying to overcome?

A

Material needs

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12
Q

According to tradition, the founder of Jainism died how?

A

Died in the town of Pawapuri

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13
Q

Approximately when was Jainism founded

A

600 BCE

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14
Q

What was the childhood of the founder of Jainism like?

A

Rich, pampered, ruling caste

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15
Q

What significant religious figures lived around the same time as the founder of Jainism?

A

Confucius, Buddha, Zarathustra

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16
Q

How old was the founder of Jainism when he began his quest for enlightenment? How old was he when he was actually enlightened?

A

Left at 30 years old, claims enlightenment at 42 years old

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17
Q

What had recently happened that likely sent Mahavira into the practice of asceticism?

A

The death of his parents

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18
Q

What Jain holiday expects you to confess sins/offenses, and seek forgiveness?

A

Kshamavani

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19
Q

According to our classroom discussion, how popular is Jainism in the West?

A

Never really transitioned to the West

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20
Q

Is Jainism an independent religion, completely separate from Hinduism; or simply a sub denomination of Hinduism?

A

Completely different from Hinduism

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21
Q

When the founder of Jainism began his quest for enlightenment, what did he do about his hair?

A

Ripped it all out

22
Q

What are Tirthankaras and what do they do?

A

Help us get off the cosmic cycle, completely free from defects of human existence

23
Q

Who is the most important Jain Tirthankara?

A

Mahavira or Rishabhanatha

24
Q

What are the main denominations of Jainism

A

Digambaras and Svetambaras

25
Q

What are the Jain “ethical tools” that are used by practicing Jains to escape the wheel of transmigration?

A
  1. Right knowledge
  2. Right faith
  3. Right conduct
26
Q

How old was the founder of Jainism when he died?

A

Died at 72

27
Q

What is the two-fold purpose of life in Jainism, according to what we discussed in class?

A
  1. To renounce materialistic needs
  2. Ahimsa– never kill ANYTHING
28
Q

What is “mental ahimsa”?

A

Violent thoughts are just as bad or worse than violent actions

29
Q

What does the term “Svetambara” mean?

A

“white-clad”

30
Q

What is the major difference between the Jain and Hindu understandings of the nature of Nirvana?

A

Individuality is retained in Nirvana, after you die your soul still exists, continue to be you in the eternities

31
Q

Are Jains more inclined to “blue-collar” or “white-collar” jobs?

A

White-collared jobs to avoid harming animals

32
Q

In class we listed “5 principles” or “5 vows.” What were they?

A
  1. Ahimsa: protect ALL life
  2. Satya: speak truth
  3. Asteya: avoid theft, greed, exploitation
  4. Aparigraha: detachment from material things
  5. Brahmacharya: chastity
33
Q

What is the “official” Jain position on scripture?

A

Any text is really accepted

34
Q

In class we talked about four different kinds of scriptural text. What were they?

A

Literal, allusive, allegorical, mystical

35
Q

Who is the source of Jain scriptural texts?

A

Mahavira let out a “sacred sound” that contained all his teachings

36
Q

Which denominations of Jains walk around nude?

A

Digambaras

37
Q

What is the name of the Jain wedding canopy?

A

Mandapa

38
Q

Why do Jains not worship in their temples?

A

They don’t believe in God

39
Q

According to our classroom discussion, what are the two most important holidays in Jainism?

A

Paryushan and Das Lakshan

40
Q

What is Paryushan?

A

Time for spiritual growth

41
Q

What does the swastika symbolize in Jainism?

A

“all is well”

42
Q

What does the hand symbolize in Jainism?

A

Do not use your hand for violence; stop and think before you act

43
Q

Why do many Jain temples often have sexual symbols as part of their architecture?

A

Reminder of chastity

44
Q

When Hindus see cows as symbols of the divine, what is the cow a symbol of in Jainism?

A

Symbolized independence, we take care of cow, cow provides for me

45
Q

What are elongated earlobes a symbol of in Jainism?

A

“supernatural status”, wisdom

46
Q

How common is vegetarianism in Jainism?

A

Extremely common

47
Q

Why do observant Jains not eat root vegetables?

A

Cooperative existence, eating the root will kill the vegetable

48
Q

Why do many Jain monastics not eat after sunset?

A

Bacteria grows after sunset, avoid killing microorganisms

49
Q

Which Jain denomination is most accepting of women?

A

Svetambaras

50
Q

Which group of Jains wore a 3-piece robe?

A

Svetambaras

51
Q

How do they feel about the caste system?

A

Result from karma

52
Q

About how old was Jainism when it first split into denominations?

A

Split 4th and 3rd century BCE

World Religions (11 decks)

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