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World Religions > Judaism > Flashcards

Judaism Flashcards

1
Q

In Judaism, the Gemara combined with the Mishnah is called what?

A

Talmud

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2
Q

Which group/denomination did we say believes God is personal, revelatory, and involved in the lives of His people?

A

Reform

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3
Q

What is the literal meaning of the word “kosher”?

A

“clean” or “pure”

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4
Q

Why don’t reconstructionist Jews have any “commandments” that they are expected to obey?

A

Basically just a community. Very progressive. People like the traditions but do not practice or particularly believe

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5
Q

With specific group of Jews did we say have no theological or liturgical connection to Judaism?

A

Assimilated– connections are genealogical

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6
Q

Practicing Jews are traditionally married under what?

A

Chuppah– represents the idea of a new household, white/blue colors represent the Heavens and God looking down on you

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7
Q

Observant Jews “sit shiva” when?

A

Right after for up to a month

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8
Q

Are non-kosher animals not kosher because they are dirty/unhealthy?

A

No, they symbolize a behavior that is not acceptable to God

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9
Q

On which Jewish holiday is it considered appropriate to “mock the rabbi”?

A

Purim

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10
Q

Which specific group/denomination of Judaism did we say is caught halfway between tradition and modernity?

A

Conservative

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11
Q

In Judaism, the “shema” is what?

A

Prayer that expresses belief in the singularity of God, recited twice a day

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12
Q

According to the Jewish law of kashrut, what poultry/seafood can observant Jews eat, and which may they not eat?

A

They cannot eat birds of prey or scavengers. They also cannot eat seafood with shells or without fins and scales

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13
Q

In what century did Alexander the Great conquer Israel?

A

336-323 BC

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14
Q

What do most Jews believe about the Messiah?

A

God of creation, revelation, and redemption. A personal God

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15
Q

Which group/denominations believes in the need for a “minyan” but allows both men and women to participate in that?

A

Conservative

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16
Q

The Hebrew Kosher law deems certain animals as “unfit” for consumption because they are what?

A

Unpure, represent impurity

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17
Q

Who must be circumcised, when, and why?

A

Boys, eight days old, covenant with God and a religious commandment

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18
Q

What is a Bat Mitzvah and Bar Mitzvah, when are they performed, for what purpose, and for whom?

A

Bar Mitzvah– 13 year old boys
Bat Mitzvah– 12 year old girls
Son/daughter of the commandment

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19
Q

Which Jews are encouraged to fast on their wedding day?

A

Most of them, bride and groom

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20
Q

What two consumables are observant Jews not supposed to eat at the same time?

A

Milk and meat

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21
Q

Which specific group/denomination of Judaism did we say seeks to provide a place for Jews who love the culture of Judaism, but are not necessarily into all of the doctrines of Judaism?

A

Reconstructionists

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22
Q

The Jewish Holiday Tu Bishvat is, among other things, a commemoration of what?

A

Nature and trees. Eating fruit is a reminder of God’s nourishing words.

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23
Q

Three things that God has done or will do:

A
  1. Create the universe
  2. Reveal the Torah to his covenant people
  3. Redeem all of his creations at the end of time
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24
Q

What is the Jewish ritual is mourning of a loved one called?

A

Sitting Shiva, lasts for a week

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25
Q

What are “tzitzit”?

A

Tassel to remind of Torah commandments

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26
Q

In what year did King Antiochus Epiphanes force Jews (in Jerusalem) to Hellenize?

A

167 BC

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27
Q

What is the literal meaning of the term “Haredi”?

A

Trembling/fearing God

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28
Q

Which denomination did we say believes God is simply a spirit-essence power in the universe?

A

Reconstructionist

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29
Q

What are the various texts which are part of the Jewish canon?

A

Tanakh= The Law (Torah), Prophets (Neviim), and writings (K’tuvim)
Mishnah= The oral law/Torah received by Moses
Gemara= Analysis and commentary on the Mishnah
Talmud= Gemara + Mishnah
Midrash= commentary on any portion of the Tanakh

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30
Q

Which Jewish holiday as a “Mardi Gras spirit”?

A

Purim

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31
Q

What names for their canon do Jews use and which do they avoid?

A

Avoid term “old testament”

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32
Q

What do one of the two people being married typically crush with their foot at the end of a Jewish wedding? What does doing so symbolize?

A

Groom crushes glass under foot- remembrance of the destruction of the temple

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33
Q

Judaism leans in which direction: observant or progressive?

A

Progressive

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34
Q

Which Jewish denominations allow women to function as (or be ordained) as rabbis?

A

Conservative–>

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35
Q

Which group of Judaism lives in the world, but not of the world?

A

Moden Orthodox

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36
Q

What would most Jews say about heaven and its nature?

A

There is a Heaven, but not talked about as much because most of it is unknown

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37
Q

What articles of religious clothing do a high percentage of Haredi and Modern Orthodox Jews commonly wear?

A

Kippah

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38
Q

What is the literal meaning of the Hebrew word “Hanukkah” or “Chanukah”?

A

Dedication

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39
Q

What is the proper pronunciation of Judaism?

A

Judah-ism

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40
Q

What provoked the creation of Judaism?

A

Covenant with Abraham

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41
Q

On what Jewish holiday do parishioners encircle the entire congregation with an unrolled Torah scroll?

A

Simchat Torah

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42
Q

Who is the founder of Judaism?

A

Abraham

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43
Q

Who is the most important prophetic figure in Judaism?

A

Moses

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44
Q

Where, according to LDS theology, was Covenant Israel first organized?

A

Mount Sinai

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45
Q

Which specific group of Judaism did we say is still “in” Judaism, but only just?

A

Reform

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46
Q

How many main groupings of Judaism are there?

A

Ultra-Orthodox (Haredi), Modern Orthodox, Conservative, Reform, Reconstructionists, Assimilated

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47
Q

Who do the most observant Jews work for?

A

Work for each other

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48
Q

Most Jews who describe the nature of heaven draw their details about its nature from what religious texts?

A

Torah

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49
Q

How many commandments do observant Jews believe God revealed through Moses?

A

Total of 613 commandments

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50
Q

Which denominations of Judaism require that men and women sit separately during synagogue services?

A

Haredi, Modern Orthodox

51
Q

What is the Oral Torah?

A

Makes up 603 commandments

52
Q

What shift in doctrine took place in Judaism around the 6th century BC?

A

Destruction of the first temple in Jerusalem

53
Q

What Jewish holiday is known as the festival of lights?

A

Hanukkah

54
Q

What is a Jewish “minyan”?

A

Prayer, must wear sacred clothes, public sometimes

55
Q

The Feast of Tabernacles highlights the dangers of what?

A

Dangers of over-reliance on material possessions and the impermanence of physical structures

56
Q

During what Jewish holiday is a “spring cleaning” common?

A

Passover

57
Q

Which denomination/group of Judaism sometimes tends to feel pretty protestant in its worship services?

A

Reform

58
Q

When did Rabbi Mordecai Kaplan start his own group of Judaism?

A

Reconstructionist Judaism, early 20th century

59
Q

Judaism was founded in what milieu- meaning most of its neighbors taught what about God?

A

Most were polytheistic

60
Q

On one of the Spring holidays (judaism), fruit is eaten. What does it symbolize?

A

Tu Bishvat
1. the meat represents the holy things
2. the seeds/pit represent sinful or impure things to get rid of
3. the skin/rind/peel represents protecting Holy things

61
Q

What is a “lulav” and what Jewish holiday is it associated with?

A

Bundle of branches during Sukkot

62
Q

What is the three fold purpose of life in Judaism?

A
  1. Live piously
  2. Life as the “chosen”
  3. Usher in the Messiah
63
Q

How many knots do the strings attached to Tallit and prayer shawl have?

A

13 knots, sum of all numbers is 613

64
Q

When do Orthodox Jewish men feel obligated to wear Tefillin?

A

Weekday morning prayers

65
Q

What is the “Shema”?

A

Central Jewish prayer, found in the Torah

66
Q

What do a significant percentage of Jews refer to the synagogue as?

A

Shul or Shule

67
Q

Why do Haredi Jewish boys not get a haircut until sometime after their second birthday?

A

“Don’t round off the hair on your temples”

68
Q

What are two rules that Orthodox Jews follow when engaging in prayers?

A

Facing Jerusalem, Sacred clothing

69
Q

What does the Hebrew word “mezuzah” mean?

A

Doorpost or doorframe

70
Q

Which Jewish holiday is seldom celebrated by theologically progressive Jews?

A

Yom Ha’Atzmaut

71
Q

What rooms of a house can you appropriately place a mezuzah on the doorpost?

A

Front door and bedroom door, never on a bathroom or small spaces

72
Q

When was Yom Ha’atzmaut first celebrated?

A

1948

73
Q

What does Yom Ha’atzmaut celebrate?

A

Israeli Independence Day

74
Q

What is gematria?

A

Assigning numerical values to letters of the Alphabet

75
Q

How does an observant Jew us or interact with a mezuzah?

A

Touching or kissing, reciting a blessing

76
Q

When is Jewish Sabbath?

A

Friday night to Saturday night

77
Q

What is the meaning of the Hebrew term “Rosh Hashanah”?

A

Commemorates New Years and repentance, “head of the year”

78
Q

What Jewish holiday is considered “New Years for the Trees”?

A

Tu Bishvat

79
Q

What does the Hebrew term “Yom Kippur” mean?

A

Day of Atonement

80
Q

What does Yom Kippur commemorate?

A

Commemorates atonement

81
Q

Which sins does God readily forgive? Those against HIm or those against our fellow humans?

A

Forgives sins against him, we have to resolve the ones among ourselves on our own

82
Q

What are the “five restrictions” placed on observers of Yom Kippur?

A

Bathing, perfume, makeup, no leather, no sexual relations

83
Q

What did the ancient Jewish High Priests do on Yom Kippur that he could not do any other day of the year?

A

Entered the Holy of Holies in the temple

84
Q

Which Jewish holiday commemorates the Jewish exodus from Egypt?

A

Passover

85
Q

What is a mikveh?

A

Ritual bath- spiritual cleansing

86
Q

What is the meaning of the Hebrew word “Sukkot”?

A

Booth

87
Q

On what Jewish holiday is the male “hair cutting ceremony” performed? How old is the boy?

A

Omer, three years old

88
Q

Where do Jews live during Sukkot?

A

In a sukkah

89
Q

Which Jewish holiday commemorates the “wilderness trek” of the Jews?

A

Sukkot

90
Q

What does the Hebrew phrase “Simchat Torah” mean?

A

Rejoicing of the Torah

91
Q

What both concludes and begins on Simchat Torah?

A

Annual cycle of reading the Torah

92
Q

What is the primary focus of Simchat Torah?

A

Celebration of the Torah

93
Q

Which Jewish holiday commemorates God giving His law on Sinai?

A

Shavuot

94
Q

What is the surname of the family at the center of the traditional story of Hanukkah?

A

Maccabees

95
Q

What was the miracle which is central to the religious side of Hanukkah?

A

Miracle of the oil where one days worth lasted eight days straight

96
Q

What Christian holiday has influenced Hanukkah?

A

Christmas

97
Q

What is the difference between a hanukkiah and a menorah?

A

Hanukkiah- nine spikes
Menorah- seven spikes

98
Q

Why do we place an illuminated candelabra near a window during Hanukkah?

A

Hannukkiah is lit where people can see it to show you have God’s light in your life

99
Q

What do many of the traditional foods eaten during Hanukkah have in common?

A

Many foods are fried in oil

100
Q

What is Kol Nidre?

A

Prayer recited on the eve of Yom Kippur

101
Q

Which Jewish holiday is a 50-day placeholder holiday?

A

Omer

102
Q

What is the meaning of the Hebrew term Tu Bishvat?

A

New Year for Trees

103
Q

What provoked the creation of Tu BiShvat?

A

Tax day for tithing fruits in ancient Israel

104
Q

On Tu BiShvat, what ancient location do we metaphorically return to?

A

Israel

105
Q

What is the meaning of the Hebrew word “Purim”?

A

“lots” or “dice”

106
Q

Who are the four central figures in the story of Purim?

A

Esther, Mordecai, Haman, and King Ahasuerus

107
Q

How is Purim traditionally celebrated?

A

Giving money to the poor

108
Q

What things are commonly partake of during Purim?

A

Making fun of the Rabbi, putting on a play, giving money

109
Q

For modern Jews, what does Passover commemorate?

A

Liberation from slavery

110
Q

What Jewish holiday is sometimes called “countdown to sinai”?

A

Shavuot

111
Q

What is the literal meaning of the Hebrew name, “Shavuot”?

A

weeks

112
Q

What do most Christians call Shavuot?

A

Pentecost

113
Q

What does Shavuot commemorate?

A

Commemorates Moses getting the law from God

114
Q

How do observant Jews commemorate Shavuot?

A

Stay up all nights and read from the Torah or songs

115
Q

What is the literal meaning of the Hebrew name, “Bein ha-Metzarim”

A

“Between the straits”

116
Q

What does Bein ha-metzarim commemorate?

A

Commemorates bad events

117
Q

How is Bein ha-Metzarim commemorated?

A

Fasting all day, reading the book of lamentatioins

118
Q

Whom do Orthodox Jews think might be born during Bein ha Metzarim?

A

The Messiah

119
Q

What does “chew the cud” mean? And “part the hoof”?

A

Chew the cud– chew/pour over God’s word until it becomes a part of who they are
Part the hoof– be like those who are well entrenched in the will of God

120
Q

Which Jewish denominations are patriarchal?

A

Orthodox Judaism

121
Q

In which Jewish denominations can women be rabbis?

A

Conservative–>

122
Q

What is the symbolic meaning of the Sabbath?

A

God elevates our status to return us to our former relationship with God

123
Q

What is persecution a symbol of for many Jews?

A

Being the chosen people

124
Q

What is the menorah a symbol for many Jews?

A

God’s glory and light

World Religions (11 decks)

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