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World Religions > Hinduism > Flashcards

Hinduism Flashcards

1
Q

Who would Hindus say the founder of Hinduism was?

A

No one really knows

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2
Q

Do Hindus have a Sabbath?

A

Don’t believe in a Sabbath day, every day should be the Sabbath

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3
Q

What does “Hindu” mean?

A

River

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4
Q

It is often said that “one of the biggest misconceptions about Hinduism is that it is” what?

A

That it is a religion

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5
Q

What is the “goddess that purifies the people”?

A

Goddess Ganga or Saraswati

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6
Q

What is the Way of Karma and how does it work?

A

Cycle of rebirth, good works, good knowledge, good devotion

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7
Q

Scholars and historians believe that Hinduism had its beginnings in approximately what year- and as a result of what event?

A

Aryan conquer the Dravidians, 500 BCE

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8
Q

What does the term “Shruti” mean?

A

Canonical writings- only allowed if priest

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9
Q

What is the ultimate place, role, or definition of Brahman in Hinduism?

A

The ultimate. The reality that is source of all being and all knowing

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10
Q

Do Hindus in India participate in group worship?

A

No group worship. Any worship done is in the heart or head

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11
Q

What Hindu God is often called the “energy of the Ultimate”?

A

Shiva

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12
Q

Which of the Big Three Hindu Gods is both a God of Destruction and Creation?

A

Shiva

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13
Q

Does Hinduism encourage proselyting by its members?

A

No. Hindus believe that you are born into the religion that suits you

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14
Q

Who were the Aryans? Who were the Dravidians?

A

Aryans conquered the Dravidians and began the caste system

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15
Q

Out of the big three Hindu deities, which of the three gods gave birth to the two other Hindu deities?

A

Brahma

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16
Q

What is “prasad” in Hinduism?

A

Sacramental food, food brought to worship systems, priest bless it and give it to other people

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17
Q

Does Hinduism have formal doctrines?

A

No

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18
Q

Is Karma negative or positive or both?

A

Negative

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19
Q

What are three ways to escape the cycle of reincarnation in Hinduism?

A
  1. Good works
  2. Knowledge
  3. Devotion
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20
Q

What is the “Way of Bhakti” and how does it work?

A

Salvation through devotion

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21
Q

What is “Monism”?

A

All existing things go back to one source

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22
Q

Which God dances on the back of the prostate demon of ignorance?

A

Shiva

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23
Q

What is modalism? How does it relate to Hinduism?

A

One god– three different forms
The trinity are a manifestation of the ultimate reality Brahman Atman

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24
Q

What is the purpose of a bindi in Hinduism?

A

Represents a third eye. energy center of the human body

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25
Q

What article of sacred clothing do Hindus have?

A

Clothing isn’t sacred

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26
Q

In Hinduism, the most authoritative and formally canonical writings are called what?

A

Shruti

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27
Q

How does Hinduism feel about religions other than Hinduism?

A

You are where you are supposed to be

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28
Q

What is the “way of jyana” and how does it work?

A

Salvation through knowledge

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29
Q

What Hindu texts make up the core of the Shruti?

A

Four vedas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas, Upanishads

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30
Q

In Hinduism, the term “smriti” means what?

A

Remembered

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31
Q

Which is the only Hindu God that is primarily benevolent?

A

Vishnu

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32
Q

What does the term “Shakti” mean?

A

Power

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33
Q

What is Shakti worship?

A

Worshipping the divine mother

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34
Q

What do Hindus believe about the individual or personal soul?

A

Atman– soul doesn’t exist

35
Q

Which HIndu god functions a bit like the Holy Spirit in Christianity?

A

Brahman

36
Q

Hinduism developed out of the mixing of what pre-historic peoples?

A

Aryans and Dravidians

37
Q

In Hinduism, practitioners may worship god by doing what kinds of things?

A

Puja, chanting, prasad, offerings, prayer

38
Q

Hindu castes:

A
  1. Brahmins
  2. Kshatriyas
  3. Vaisyas
  4. Sudras
  5. Untouchables
39
Q

What does the term prasad mean?

A

Food and water offered to deity during worship

40
Q

What is “tantric” devotion?

A

Direct connection with the divine

41
Q

Is the Bhagavad Gita part of the Smriti or the Shruti?

A

Smriti

42
Q

Is the theology of the Bhagavad Gita orthodoxy or heterodox?

A

Orthodox

43
Q

What two Hindu Gods were once enemies but now are friends?

A

Shiva and Vishnu

44
Q

What ia a “tilak” and who wears one?

A

worn on forehead

45
Q

Who awoke from a nap to find another deity growing out of his navel and another out of his head?

A

Brahma

46
Q

Which God in HInduism did we say is often known as the “creator” god?

A

Brahma

47
Q

Which God in Hinduiusm did we say is often known as the “preserver” God?

A

Vishnu

48
Q

In HInduism, what is Samsara?

A

Cycle of rebirth

49
Q

Which god in Hinduism did we say is often known as the “destroyer” god?

A

Shiva

50
Q

In Hinduism, what is Moksha?

A

Breaking the cycle of rebirth

51
Q

What’s the difference between Braham, Brahman, and Brahmin?

A

Brahma: One of the big three
Brahman: The ultimate
Brahmin: priestly case

52
Q

Which Hindu deity is sometimes called the “absolute”?

A

Brahma

53
Q

Why do some Hindu Gods have four heads or four faces and four arms?

A

Symbol of power

54
Q

How many incarnations does Vishnu have?

A

10

55
Q

In which of Vishnu’s avatars is he both the object and source of extraordinary love?

A

Krishna

56
Q

In which of Vishnu’s avatars is he perceived as “God incarnate in mortality”?

A

Krishna

57
Q

For most Hindus, the most important God is not one of the big three, but whom?

A

Gramadevata

58
Q

What is the two fold purpose of life in Hinduism?

A
  1. Overcome Maya or Illusion
  2. Obtain release
59
Q

If you weren’t born Hindu, what does that imply?

A

Cycle of rebirth

60
Q

Hindus believe in atman. What is that?

A

We do not have a soul. We’re all a part of Brahman

61
Q

Which hindu caste is made up of the peasantry?

A

Sudra

62
Q

Which Hindu caste is made up of the politicians and military?

A

Kshatriyas

63
Q

Which Hindu caste is made up of the priests and scholars?

A

Brahmins

64
Q

Which Hindus use the Vedas?

A

Orthodox

65
Q

Which HIndu caste is made up of those who live on the fringe of society?

A

Untouchables

66
Q

Which Hindu caste is made up of merchants and farmers?

A

Vaisyas

67
Q

What does the term “Harijan” mean?

A

Children of God

68
Q

What is the “twice born” or “sacred thread” ceremony?

A

Initiation ceremony

69
Q

What are the ways to get off the wheel of reincarnation in Hinduism?

A

Good works, knowledge, devotion

70
Q

What are the four stages of life in Hinduism?

A
  1. Student
  2. Householder
  3. Seeker (hermit)
  4. Ascetic (holy man)
71
Q

What are mantras? What is the most common one in Hinduism?

A

Sacred sounds or phrases, Om (Aum)

72
Q

What is the Hindu term for “worship”?

A

Puja

73
Q

Why do HIndus not feel that making an offering to a statue constitutes idolatry?

A

The statue isn’t actually god

74
Q

Wearing three white lines on your forehead symbolizes what?

A

Purity, spirituality, commitment

75
Q

What spiritually happens when you enter the Ganges River for a Hindu?

A

Purification and removal of sins

76
Q

What’s the HIndu infant welcoming ritual?

A

Naming ceremony- feed baby solid foods for the first time

77
Q

What is a “chakra” in Hinduism?

A

Symbolizes the journey of the soul after death

78
Q

If one dies in a state of anger, rage, despair, or hopelessness, how does that influence one’s atman?

A

More karma

79
Q

Which Hindus are required to be vegetarians?

A

Brahmins

80
Q

What foods do practicing Hindus not eat?

A

Don’t eat beef, no alcohol

81
Q

What is “sati”?

A

Widow killing herself after her husband dies

82
Q

What things can one be incarnated as?

A

God, human, animal, insect, vegetation, demon

83
Q

What is “sindour” and what does it symbolize?

A

Vermilion powder, symbolizes marital status and commitment

World Religions (11 decks)

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