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World Religions > Buddhism > Flashcards

Buddhism Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of the founder of Buddhism?

A

Siddhartha Gautama

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2
Q

What is the meaning of the word “Zen”?

A

Thought, absorption, meditation

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3
Q

Most Tibetan Buddhists believe which of the following: reincarnation or transmigration of the Soul?

A

Reincarnation

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4
Q

Where was the founder of Buddhism born?

A

Lumbini

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5
Q

What does the term “buddha” mean?

A

“one who is awake”

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6
Q

Approximately when did the founder of Buddhism live?

A

563-483 BCE

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7
Q

Of which denomination of Buddhism is Zen Buddhism a sub-denomination?

A

Mahayan Buddhism

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8
Q

How long did the founder of Buddhism live a life of “extreme self-denial”?

A

Five years

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9
Q

Are there any Buddhists who believe in a God?

A

No, we create our own salvation

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10
Q

By what name do Mahayana Buddhists often refer to the historical Buddha?

A

“The greater vehicle”

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11
Q

On the day of his birth, what was prophesied about the Buddha?

A

He would either become a monarch or a great religious dude

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12
Q

What denomination of Buddhism uses visualization techniques as a means of becoming like the gods?

A

Tibetan, Vajrayana

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13
Q

What were the four signs that, if the founder of Buddhism saw, it was believed would influence his life direction?

A

Corpse, Beggar, Cripple, Monks

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14
Q

What did seeing these four things cause the founder of Buddhism to do?

A

Runs into five monastics and spends 6 years living with them

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15
Q

How old was the founder of Buddhism when he married?

A

He never married

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16
Q

Upon enlightenment, what did the founder of Buddhism have revealed to him?

A

First vision experience, discovered the four noble truths

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17
Q

How old was the founder of Buddhism when he achieved enlightenment?

A

35 years old

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18
Q

How old was the founder of Buddhism when he became dissatisfied with his life?

A

29 years old

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19
Q

The demon that tempted the founder of Buddhism on the night/day he became enlightened was named what?

A

Mara

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20
Q

Which denomination of Buddhism is pure land buddhism a sub-denomination?

A

Mahayana

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21
Q

What does the term “Vajrayana” mean?

A

“Tibetan Canon”, “thunderbolt vehicle”

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22
Q

What denomination of buddhism emphasizes the use of yoga as a means of redirecting one’s appetites and desires?

A

Mahayana

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23
Q

How many existences had the founder of Buddhism had prior to his enlightenment?

A

550 existences

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24
Q

What is the literal meaning of the name”Nirvana”?

A

“Extinguishing” we cannot comprehend Nirvana

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25
Q

What are “bodhisattvas”?

A

Beings who have dedicated themselves to the attainment of Buddhahood. Mahayana Buddhists

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26
Q

How long did the post-enlightenment mission/ministry of the founder of Buddhism last?

A

45 years

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27
Q

How old was the founder when he died?

A

80 years old

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28
Q

What does the term “Mahayana” mean?

A

“The greater vehicle”

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29
Q

What does “Theravada” mean?

A

“Way of the elders”

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30
Q

Which Buddhists did we describe in class as non-theistic?

31
Q

What does “Hinayana” mean? Which denomination is called this?

A

Theravada, “Inferior Vehicle”

32
Q

What is the two-fold purpose of life?

A
  1. Reach Buddha status through personal purification
  2. Overcome the misery of this world
33
Q

What is Sunyata and how does it play into Buddhist thinking?

A

Voidness that constitutes reality

34
Q

When did Buddhists first enter Tibet?

A

7th century

35
Q

Are there any Buddhists who believe in Hell? If yes, then what do they believe is its duration? If not, then why do they not believe in it?

A

Transitory temporary state, it is a place where you go to be purged in between incarnations, temporary stage

36
Q

Which denomination of Buddhism focuses on “self-redemption”– rejecting any help from divine beings but instead trying to accrue marit in order to expunge karma?

37
Q

What is in “arhat”? Which denominations focus on becoming an arhat?

A

Individual who has achieved the goal of individual liberation and enlightenment. Theravada

38
Q

5 precepts or vows:

A
  1. No killing
  2. No stealing
  3. No immortality
  4. No lying or deceiving
  5. No partaking od intoxicants
39
Q

5 monastic vows:

A
  1. No eating between meals
  2. No secular entertainment
  3. No adorning of body
  4. No high or wide beds
  5. No accepting of money
40
Q

What is considered the oldest denomination of Buddhism?

41
Q

Which denomination is commonly found in Japan?

42
Q

Which denomination is mostly found in Tibet?

43
Q

Which denomination is found mostly in southern asia?

44
Q

Which denomination is prone to change “I take refuge in Buddha Amitabha” as a means of tapping into that buddha’s grace”?

45
Q

Which Buddhist canon is called the Chinese canon?

A

Mahayana Canon

46
Q

Which Buddhist denomination holds their scriptures in very high ritual esteem?

47
Q

Which denomination calls their scriptural canon the Tripitaka?

48
Q

How long after the founder of Buddhism’s death was the first canon complied?

A

about 3 months

49
Q

What did the lotus symbolize for Buddhists?

A

Purity and purification

50
Q

What are mudras?

A

Hand symbols

51
Q

What does the word Mudra mean?

A

“to please”

52
Q

What is the purpose of Mudras

A

Meant to keep you in contact with the Gods

53
Q

The “fat Buddha” is not the founder of Buddhism, who is he?

A

Budai, the laughing buddha

54
Q

Emaciated statues of the founder of Buddhism represent what?

55
Q

What do topknots represent?

A

Enlightenment

56
Q

What does the eight-spoked wheel represent?

A

Eight paths to enlightenment

57
Q

What is a mandala? Which Buddhists use them?

A

Tibetan use in their initiations, lots of lil deities

58
Q

What color robes do Buddhist monks wear?

59
Q

Who or what is the Dalai Lama? Which branch is he associated with?

A

Tibetan, message of peace and compassion

60
Q

What does the term Dalai Lama mean?

A

Ocean of wisdom

61
Q

The Dalai Lama is an incarnation of what popular deity?

A

The Bodhisattva of Compassion, Avalokiteshvara

62
Q

When a Dalai Lama dies, what group of people seek for his transmigration?

63
Q

What country most hates the Dalai Lama today?

64
Q

We are each made up of five elements/components which change in each incarnation. What are those elements?

A
  1. Form (rupa)
  2. Feeling (vedana)
  3. Perception (sanna)
  4. Volition or mental formations (Sankhara)
  5. Consciousness (Vijnana)
65
Q

Why is the current Dalai Lamai contemplating not transmigrating when he dies?

A

Worried that his reincarnation can and will be manipulated for political purposes by the Chinese government

66
Q

What is a Panchen Lama?

A

Recognizes the reincarnation of the Dalai lama, second-highest spiritual authority

67
Q

Which denomination has the most negative view of women?

68
Q

Which denomination believes that all their deities are married?

69
Q

What are the four noble truths?

A
  1. Life is pain, life is suffering
  2. Pain and suffering are caused by craving, selfish desire, and attachment
  3. Craving and attachment can be eliminated
  4. The “eightfold middle path” leads to the extinction of suffering
70
Q

What are the components of the eight fold middle path?

A
  1. Right understanding/view
  2. Right purpose or aspirations
  3. Right speech
  4. Right conduct or actions
  5. Right livelihood
  6. Right effort or endeavor
  7. Right alertness or mindfulness
  8. Right concentration or meditation
71
Q

Which denomination believes that upon death your personality goes into a trance for four days?

A

Tibetan Buddhists

72
Q

What does the word skandha mean?

A

“heaps”, form senses, conscience, subconscious, intellectual powers

73
Q

Is yoga or medication central to Buddhist practice?

A

No. Zen buddhism are the only ones who find is central.

74
Q

What are the five desirable conditions?

A
  1. Long life
  2. Pleasant appearance
  3. Happiness
  4. Status
  5. Nirvana

World Religions (11 decks)

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