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Food animal production > Sheep neuro dz > Flashcards

Sheep neuro dz Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the signs of listeria?

A

Head tilt, drooping of ear, eyelid, packing feed in cheek, circling. Can cause abortion

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2
Q

How do you avoid listeria?

A

avoid poor quality silage (rarely hay)

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3
Q

How is listeria treated?

A

long acting oxytet (extralabel) seems to work well if catch animals early

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4
Q

What causes polio?

A

thiamine deficiency

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5
Q

What are the signs of polio

A

opisthotonus–star gazing

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6
Q

What is the treatment for polio

A

thiamine. If treat early they get better quickly. if delay treatment then not as good recovery

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7
Q

Do sheep get lead poisoning?

A

no

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8
Q

What is a key feature of polio?

A

they have no menace response–are cortically blind but the pupil responds to light

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9
Q

What is swayback?

A

congenital copper deficiency. hind limb ataxia due to poormyelination in spine

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10
Q

What is swayback difficult to distinguish from?

A

white muscle disease

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11
Q

How is swayback treated?

A

it cannot be treated. they are euthanized

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12
Q

Why does white muscle disease ressemble swayback/

A

because their hind leg muscles get painful and they do weird things with them

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13
Q

How do you dx swayback

A

liver copper

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14
Q

What is Gid?

A

taenia multiceps (coenurus cerebralis) tapeworm that is in dog intestine, it encysts in the brain. The signs ressemble listeria. not really seen here. Surprising few signs–no facial paralysis, but does circle.

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15
Q

How is Gid treated?

A

cannot treat with dewormer because they don’t enter the brain. The treatment is BRAIN SURGERY. When the cyst is big enough, if palpate the skull can feel a soft spot. anesthetic/sedate–cut, scrape down, grab cyst with forceps, drain, pull the cyst out. Suture up. High success rate. Not seen here, seen in developing countries

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16
Q

What is the preventative strategy of Gid?

A

deworm the dogs

17
Q

What do you diagnose scrapie based on?

A

CLINICAL SIGNS not the dx

18
Q

What are the clinical signs of scrapie

A
  1. very pruritic-not all cases
  2. subtle behavioral changes
  3. problems walking–skip/jump/stilted gait–eventually become recumbent
19
Q

How is scrapie transmitted?

A

horizontally (and vertical?)

20
Q

Is there a test for scrapie

A

yes?

21
Q

Is scrapie zoonotic?

A

no

22
Q

What is often a lot of the reason that a sheep loses weight with scrapie?

A

they are so itchy that they don’t eat

23
Q

How can you test how pruritic a sheep is?

A

sratch them, see how much they like it–nibbling, rub up against you

24
Q

Where is the infectious agent for scrapie present?

A

in placenta and birth fluids

25
Q

How can a ewe be exposed to scrapie?

A

licking other sheep’s placenta–difficult to control

also via mother

26
Q

How do you test for scrapie?

A
  1. can find in lymphatic tissue under the third eyelid
  2. rectal mucosa (lymphatic tissue)–IHC
  3. PM evaluation of brain
27
Q

What is the goal for eradication of scrapie from sheep?

A

export breeding stock

28
Q

What are the parts of eradication?

A
  1. reportable
  2. surveillance and targeted culling
  3. voluntary eradication program
29
Q

Is there differences in genetic susceptibility to scrapie?

A

yes. it is not breed related but breeds may have different prevalence of different genetics. The amino acids at certain spots on the PrP gene determines susceptibility

30
Q

What sheep get tested for genetic susceptibility to scrapie?

A

the rams

30$/sample

31
Q

What is the problem with genetic susceptibility testing for eradication of scrapie?

A

some breeds have very high levels of susceptible genetics so if were to only use resistant rams would create unacceptable selection pressure in some breeds

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