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Food animal production > Avian influenza and new castle disease > Flashcards

Avian influenza and new castle disease Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the signs of avian influenza?

A

repiratory signs, depression, reduced food and water intake, reduced egg production

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2
Q

What are the two pathotypes of avian influenza?

A

low path AI and high path AI

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3
Q

What species can avian influenza occur in?

A

all birds species

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4
Q

What is avian influenza caused by?

A

a type A influenza virus

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5
Q

What are the two important surface antigens of influenza viruses?

A

hemagglutinin, neuraminidase

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6
Q

How are low path and high path AI differentiated?

A

By inoculating susceptible chickens. HPAI causes death in 6/8 or more while LPAI do not result in death

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7
Q

All HPAI outbreaks so far have been what??

A

H5 or H7

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8
Q

How can avian influenza by removed from the environment?

A

detergents, disinfectant and heat

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9
Q

What animals are the natural reservoir for avian influenza?

A

wild waterfowl–can be asymptomatic, shed for long time

shorebirds

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10
Q

What are two man-made reservoirs for avian influenza?

A
  1. live bird markets

2. commercial swine facilities

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11
Q

What is the problem with live bird markets?

A

Focal part for gathering many species

not cleaned or depopulated–continuous supply

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12
Q

Is there egg transmission with AI?

A

no

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13
Q

What are the clinical signs of LPAI outbreaks?

A
  1. respiratory disease (coughing, seezing, rales, lacrimation, sinusitis)
    variable mortality, morbidity
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14
Q

What ar the signs of HPAI outbreaks?

A
  1. death
  2. sudden, short disease. signs may involve resp, enteric or nervous system: diarrhea, edema of the head and face, or nervous disorders
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15
Q

What are the lesions of LPAI?

A

mild to moderate inflam of trachea, siuses, air sacs, conjunctiva
ovarian atresia

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16
Q

What are the lesions of HPAI infection?

A

extensive, severe
fibrinous eudates on air sacs, oviduct, pericardial sac, or peritoneum. may have foci of necrosis. SIGNS OF VASCULAR DAMAGE–cyanosis and edem of head, ulceration of comb, edema of feet, petechiation etc

17
Q

How is avian influenza diagnosed?

A

Clinical signs, lesions, history

confirmation with serology and virus detection

18
Q

How is LPAI prevented?

A

prevent exposure to influenza virus via contact with waterfowl, shorebirds, live bird markets, swine farms

19
Q

How is avian influenza controlled?

A
  1. biosecurity
  2. serologic monitoring
  3. vaccination once the subtype IDed in an outbrea
20
Q

Is avian influenza zoonotic?

A

Infection of humans rare but can happen

21
Q

What is newcastle disease?

A

a viral disease of many kinds of birds. It has lentogenic, mesogenic and velogenic strains that cause different clinical signs

22
Q

What are the signs associated with lentogenic strains of newcastle disease?

A

little or no signs

23
Q

What are the signs associated with mesogenic strains?

A
  1. resp signs, CNS signs, high mortality

2. sudden drop in egg production, low mortality in layers

24
Q

What are the signs associated with velogenic strains?

A

Marked respiratory signs–dyspnea, diarrhea, paralysis, death

25
Q

What is the OIE definition of new castle disease?

A

an inection of poultry caused by an avian strain of paramyxovius 1 with an intracerebral pathogenicity index in day old chicks greater than 0.7

26
Q

What is the occurance of new castle disease?

A

in chickens, sometimes turkeys. ALL age groups susceptible

27
Q

Is new castle disease zoonotic?

A

humans in contact with disease for first time can develop localized eye infection conjunctivitis

28
Q

How can new casatle disease be spread?

A

Infected birds birds including wild birds. Excretions (aerosols and feces) and can contaminate tools, clothing ec

29
Q

What are the lesions with lentogenic and mesogenic new castle disease?

A

minimal. may have mild airsacculitis, conjunctivits, tracheitis.

30
Q

What are the lesions with velogenic new castle disease?

A
  1. hemorrhage and necrosis of trachea, inflammation of airsacs
  2. hemorrhagic or focal necrotic lesions in mucosa of digestive tractu, often the lymphoid tissue–cecal tonsils are often encrotic and hemorrhagic. sometimes hemorrhages in proventriculus etc
31
Q

How is new castle disease diagnosed?

A
  1. history
  2. signs
  3. lesions
  4. lab confirmation
32
Q

What is the control for new castle disease

A
  1. immunization. does not prevent virus repllication and shed
33
Q

Is new castle disease reportable?

A

yes

Food animal production (21 decks)

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