Porcine skin disease Flashcards

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1
Q

What skin diseases cause cyanotic scabs?

A
  1. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

2. porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PCV2)

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2
Q

What skin disease causes crusts, scales and grease?

A

exudative epidermatitis

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3
Q

What causes puriritic skin dz in pigs?

A

sarcoptic mange

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4
Q

What percentage of healthy swine are carriers of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae?

A

30-50%

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5
Q

What is the epidemiology of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae?

A
  1. resistant to drying
  2. susceptible to common disinfectants
  3. remains viable for months in animal tissues
  4. infected swine shed profusely
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6
Q

What is the susceptibility to erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

A

passive antibody protective

all ages susceptible

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7
Q

What are the clinical signs of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae?

A
  1. found dead
  2. pyrexia!!
  3. diamond skin disease
    widespread ischemic necrosis (severe)
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8
Q

What is an indication that a skin area will devleop ischemic necrosis?

A

pitting edema, piloerection

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9
Q

What can baby pigs get with erysipelothirx?

A

peracute septicemia (not seen that commonly)

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10
Q

What are chronic signs of erysipelothrix rhusioopathiae?

A
  1. chronic arthritis

2. chronic endocarditis

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11
Q

What are the features of chronic arhtritis due to erysipelothrix?

A

acute synovitis
villonodular hypertrophy
fibrosis and destruction of articular cartilage

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12
Q

What are the features of chronic endocarditis?

A

myocardial infarcts
vegetative valvular endocarditis
cardiac insufficiency

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13
Q

What are the lesions of chronic arthritis due to erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae?

A

villonodular hypertrophy

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14
Q

What is the pathogenesis of erysipelothirx rhusiopathiae?

A
short incubation
vasculitis-->fibrinous thrombosis
nonsuppurative arthritis
septicemia in parenchyma organs
necrotizing dermatiits
chronic valvular endocarditis
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15
Q

How is erysipelothrix diagnosed?

A

bacterial culture
peracute/acute: systemic sites, blood culture, acute skin lesions
chronic: synovial tissue, endocarditisd

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16
Q

how is erysipelothrix treated?

A
  1. antimicrobial treatment
17
Q

How is erysipelothrix controlled?

A
  1. hygiene and sanitation (shed profusely, killed by disinfectants)
  2. vaccination (also do in face of outbreak, not useful for chornic?)
18
Q

What is the etiology of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy

A

associated with PCV2/PCVAD

19
Q

What must porcine dermatitis and nephropathy lesions be differentiated from?

A
  1. other septicemias
  2. classical swine fever (kidney)
  3. erysipelas (skin)
20
Q

What are clinical signs of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome?

A
grow finish and young adults
peracaute: found dead
skin lesions, severe systemic disease
or mild localized with spontaneous recovery
(coalescing lesions)
21
Q

What is the pathogenesis of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome?

A

necrotizing vasculitis-skin and kidney
type 3 sensitivity involving immune complex deposition
associated with GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

22
Q

What is the pathology of porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome?

A

skin: red/purple, irregular
kidney: enlarged, mottled, petechial hemorrhages
if systemic then serous effusions, petechial ecchymotic hemorrhages

23
Q

What are two exotic diseases that can present similar signs to porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome?

A

classical swine fever
african swine fever
however with these there is fevere, no kidney dz, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia

24
Q

is sarcoptic mange common in the commercial industry?

A

no

25
Q

What does sarcoptic mange predispose to?

A

greasy pig disease

26
Q

Is sarcoptic mange potentially zoonotic?

A

yes (human dead end host)

27
Q

What are the clinical signs of sarcoptic mange?

A
lesions 3wks post contact
puritis
erythematous papaule (hypersensitivity)
small encrustations
if chronic then excessive keratinization
aural hematomas
28
Q

How is sarcoptic mange diagnosed?

A

skin scraping

potassium promide–exoskeleton of mite (ear canal)

29
Q

How is sarcoptes treated?

A

topical insecticides-not many left

ivermectin/dectomax

30
Q

How is sarcoptes eliminated form the herd?

A

cull chronic
ivomec
sanitation

31
Q

What is the etiology of greasy pig? (exudative epidermatitis)

A

staphylococcus hyicus

32
Q

Where is staphyloccus hyicus found?

A

normal flora of skin

33
Q

What does s hyicus produce?

A

exfoliative toxin

34
Q

What is the epidemiology of staph hyicus?

A
infection at birth or later
develop resistance with age
generally individual pigs
outbreaks can occur at start ups
abrasions/skin wounds proide opportuinty to enter
35
Q

What are the clinical signs of greasy pig dz?

A

suckling pigs acute generalized infection. low morbildity but high mortality
in nursery pigs and older it is localized, focal.

36
Q

Why do young pigs with generalized greasy pig dz die?

A

breached skin barrier, die of infection of septicemia

37
Q

What is the treatment for greasy pig disease?

A

parenteral antibiotics

shampoos etc