Sexual Dysfunction and Gender Dysphoria (Tut 502 & PB) Flashcards
What is the stages of the sexual response cycle
- Appetitive phase: characterized by a person’s interest in sexual activity.
- The arousal phase: may follow or precede the appetitive phase involving heightened and intensified arousal resulting from sexual stimulation.
- Organism phase: characterized by involuntary muscular contraction throughout the body and eventual release of sexual tension.
- Resolution phase: characterized by relaxation of the body after orgasm.
Define sexual dysfunction
A disruption of any part of the normal sexual response cycle that affects Sexual desire arousal or response.
Present for at least 6 months and accompanying significant distress.
Give examples of sexual interest/ arousal disorders
Involve problem with sexual excitement including difficulties with feeling of sexual pleasure
Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder: characterized by little or no interest in sexual activity either actual or fantasized
Female sexual interest disorder: characterized by little or no interest in sexual activity either actual or Fantasized and demished arousal to sexual cues.
What is erectile disorder
An inability to attain or maintain an erection sufficient for Sex.
Give instances of orgasmic disorders
Difficulty or inability to achieve a satisfactory orgasm after entering the excitement phase and adequate sexual stimulation.
Female orgasmic disorders: sexual dysfunction involving persistent delay or inability to achieve an orgasm with adequate clitorial stimulation
Delayed ejaculation: persistent delay or inability to ejaculate within the vagina despite adequate excitement and stimulation.
Premature ejaculation: ejaculation with minimal sexual stimulation before during or after penetration.
What is genito pelvic pain or penetration disorders
Physical pain or discomfort associated with intercourse or penetration fear anxiety and distress can be present.
Dyspareunia: recurrent or persistent Pain in the genital before during or after sexual intercourse.
Vaginismus: involuntary spasm of outer third of the vaginal wall prevent or interferes with sexual intercourse.
Discuss the eitology of sexual dysfunction
Biological: low levels of testosterone and high levels of estrogens are associated with lower sexual interest
Medications can effect sex drive
Alcohol and drug use
Psychological: predisposition or historical factors and current problems like stressful situations and anxiety
Concern about body and performance
Social: attitude about sex
Traumatic sexual encounter
Marital dissatisfaction
Socio-cultural: gender differences
Discuss gender dysphoria
Distress and impaired functioning resulting from an incongruence between a person’s gender identity and assigned gender
Assigned gender: the gender to which a child is assigned at birth based on biological sex
Transgender identity: a person’s innate psychological identification as male or female doesn’t match biological sex.
Sexual orientation: sexual identity involving the gender to which a person is physically and emotionally attracted.
What are paraphilic disorders
Recurring sexual arousal and gratification by means of mental imagery or behaviour involving socially unacceptable objects situations or individual
Paraphilic disorders: sexual disorders in which the person has either acted on or is distressed by recurrent urges or fantasies involving nonhuman objects nonconsenting individuals or suffering and humiliation.
Paraphilic disorders will not be diagnosed if
Involves only urges or fantasies not acted on.
Has not harmed others or created the potential to harm others
Does not impair the person’s social occupational or other areas of functioning
Does not create anxiety shame guilt loneliness or sexual frustration or in other ways distress person
Name some paraphilic disorders involving nonhuman objects
Fetishistic disorder: sexual attraction and fantasy involving inanimate objects.
Transvestic disorders: intense sexual arousal obtained through cross dressing
Name some paraphilic disorders involving nonconsenting person’s
Exhibitionistic disorder: urges acts or fantasies that involve exposing ones genitals to strangers.
Voyeuristic disorder; urges acts or fantasies that involve observing an unsuspecting person undressing or engaging in sexual activity.
Frotteuristic disorder: recurrent and intense sexual urges acts or fantasies that involve touching or rubbing against a nonconsenting individuals
Pedophilic disorder: a disorder in which an adult obtains erotic gratification through urges acts or fantasies that involve sexual contact with a prepubescent or early pubscent child
Incest: sexual relations between people related to each other.
Name some paraphilic disorders involving Pain or humiliation
Sexual masochism disorder: sexual urges fantasies or acts that involve being humiliated bound or suffering.
Sexual sadism disorder: sexually arousing urges fantasies or acts that involve inflicting physical or psychological suffering on others
Comment on the occurrence of rape
Rape is a form of sexual aggression that involves sexual activity performed against a person’s will through the use of force argument pressure alcohol or drugs or authority.
Rape trauma syndrome:a 2 phased syndrome that rape survivers experience involving psychological distress phobic reaction and sexual dysfunction.
- Acute phase- disorganization which is characterized by feelings of self blame fear and depression
- Long term phase- reorganization where Survivor begins to deal with their feelings and attempt to reorganize their lives.
Discuss the eitology of rape
The power rapist: attempt to compensate for feelings of personal or sexual inadequacy by intimidation.
The anger rapist: anger at women in general
The sadistic rapists: derives satisfaction from inflicting pain and may torture victim
