Personality Psychopathology and Impulse Control Disorders (Tut 501 & PB)

Question 1

What does personality refer to

Answer 1

1. Refers to a pattern of recognisable behaviours.
2. It is influenced by biological factors
3. We see and respond to the world through lens of our personality

Question 2

What is personality psychopathology

Answer 2

Dysfunctional and maladaptive personality patterns which are rigid inflexible long standing and enduring.

Question 3

What are personality disorders

Answer 3

Disorders characterised by enduring personality patterns like behavior thoughts emotions impairment in self and interpersonal functioning that are extreme and deviate from cultural expectations. the presence of pathological traits that are relatively inflexible and long standing across situations evident in adolescence and early adulthood which is associated with distress

Question 4

Define temperament

Answer 4

Innate mental physical and emotional traits

Question 5

Define trait

Answer 5

A distinguishing quality or characteristic of a person including a tendency to feel perceive behave or think in a relatively consistent way

Question 6

What are the 3 behavior clusters that personality disorders are grouped into

Answer 6

Cluster 1: odd or eccentric behavior
Cluster 2: dramatic emotional and erratic behaviour
Cluster 3: anxious or fearful behavior

Question 7

What personality disorders forms part of cluster 1

Answer 7

Paranoid personality disorder:
Characterised by distrust and suspiciousness regarding motives of others

schizoid personality disorder:
Characterised by detachment from social relationships and limited emotional expression

schizotypal personality disorder:
Characterised by peculiar thoughts and behaviours and by poor interpersonal relationships.

which share characteristics and overlapping environmental genetic risk factors similar to Schizophrenia Spectrum disorders

Question 8

What personality disorders forms part of cluster 2

Answer 8

Antisocial personality disorders:
APD characterised by a failure to conform to social and legal codes lack of anxiety and guilt and irresponsible behavior

Borderline personality disorders:
Characterised by intense fluctuations in mood self image and interpersonal relationships

Histrionic personality disorders:
Characterised by extreme emotionality and attention seeking

Narcissistic personality disorders:
Characterised by exaggerated sense of self importance an exploitive attitude and lack of empathy

Question 9

State 3 forms of impulse control disorders

Answer 9

Intermittent explosive disorder
Experience recurrent episodes of loss of control aggression that result in assult
Display aggressiveness grossly out of proportion to any precipitating stressor or event
Show no sign of general aggressiveness

Kleptomania
Chronically fail to resist impulse to steal
Don’t need stolen objects
Feel irresistible urges and tension before stealing and gratification afterwards

Pyromania
Deliberate fire setting
Fascinated by and pleasure from setting fires
Have fire setting impulses

Question 10

What personality disorders forms part of cluster 3

Answer 10

Avoidant personality disorders:
Characterised by a fear of rejection and humiliation and a reluctance to enter into social relationships

Dependent personality disorders:
Characterised by submissive clinging behavior and an excessive need to be taken care of

Obsessive compulsive personality disorders:
Characterised by perfectionism a tendency to be interpersonally controlling devotion to detail and rigidity

Question 11

What 4 key areas are used to assess personality disorders regarding the alternative method of diagnosis

Answer 11

Identity—sense of personal uniqueness, with clear boundaries between oneself
and others; capacity to regulate one’s emotions; accurate self-appraisal and stable self-esteem

• Self-direction—focus on meaningful goals, using self-reflection and positive standards of behavior
• Empathy—understanding of and tolerance for others’ feelings and perspectives; comprehension of the effects of one’s behavior on others
• Intimacy—capacity and desire for interpersonal closeness and deep connection with others; respectful interpersonal behavior

Question 12

What is the diagnostic criteria for general personality disorders

Answer 12

Enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior deviating from expectations of individual’s culture manifested in

Cognition
Affectivity
Interpersonal functioning
Impulse control

Enduring pattern is inflexible and pervasive across a range of personal and social situation

Enduring pattern leads to clinically significant distress or impairment

Pattern is stable and long lasting usually traced back to adolescence or early adulthood

Enduring pattern isn’t better explained as a manifestation or consequence of another mental disorders

Enduring pattern isn’t attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or other medical condition